> [!cite] BHL link: this entry starts at [page 50](https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33066390) of TL-2 Vol. VII > Author links: [IPNI](https://www.ipni.org/a/11367-1) LSID 11367-1, [Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1366734) QID Q1366734 > Support pages: [[Abbreviations|abbreviations]], [[Layout key|layout key]], [[Cite TL-2|cite TL-2]] ### Author Walter, Thomas (1740-1789), British-born botanist in North America; emigrated to South Carolina 1768; planter, merchant and politician. **Abbreviated name**: *Walter* \[standard form in IPNI: *Walter*\] #### Herbarium and types [[Collection BM|BM]]. – In 1840 Walter's herbarium was in the hands of the family of John Fraser (A. Gray, Am. J. Sci. 40(1): 1-18. 1840) to whom it had been given by Walter himself. John Fraser's son gave it to the Linnean Society in 1849 which kept it until 1863 when it was sold to [[Collection BM|BM]] (15 shillings!). The herbarium contains a great many of the plants from the *Flora caroliniana*, often, however, in mediocre condition. – Some further material in [[Collection BR|BR]], [[Collection H|H]]. – Photographs of the 122 sheets of the herbarium at [[Collection GH|GH]]. – *Letters* at [[Collection K|K]]. #### Bibliography and biography Backer p. 621; Barnhart 3: 456 (d. 18 Jan 1789); BB p. 315; BM 5: 2261; DAB 19: 396-399 (Maxon); Desmond p. 638; Dryander 3: 186; Frank 3 (Anh.): 110; Henrey 2: 173-175, 382, 383, 3: 1476; Herder p. 227; Hortus 3: 1206; IF p. 737; Jackson p. 362; IF p. 737; LS 28280; ME 1: 237, 3: 356; PR 9978, ed. 1: 10966; Rehder 1: 317; RS p. 147; SO add. 725a; Stevenson p. 1262; TL-1/1388; see J. Fraser; TL-2/see J. Fraser; Zander ed. 10, p. 729, ed. 11, p. 832. #### Biofile - Anon., Who was who Amer., Hist. vol. 559. 1963. - Barnhart, J.H., J. New York Bot. Gard. 10: 177-190. 1909, 23: 162. 1922, 24: 152. 1923, 29: 149. 1928; Torreya 9: 246. 1909. - Blake, S.F., Rhodora 16: 117-119. 1914, 17: 129-137. 1915 (some neglected names in Fl. carol.). - Brainerd, E., Bull. Charleston Mus. 3: 33-37. 1907 (visit grave). - Britten, J., J. Bot. 59: 69-74. 1921 (on W. and his grasses). - Darlington, W., Reliq. Baldwin. 20, 79, 82, 84, 117, 146, 163, 172, 329, 333, 337, 341. 1843; Memorials John Bartram and Humphrey Marshall, Philadelphia 1849. - Dayton, W.A., Rhodora 54: 67-79. 1952 (tree names). - Elliot, C.A., Biogr. dict. Amer. sci. 264-265. 1979. - Ewan, J., Taxon 28: 345-346. 1979 (handwriting, illustrated; "addenda"); *in* F. Pursh, *Fl. amer. sept.* facs. ed. 1979, introd. p. 25. - Ewan, J. et al., Short hist. bot. U.S. 5, 34, 37, 89, 138. 1969. - Fernald, M.L. & B.G. Schubert, Rhodora 50: 190-208. 1984 (on type specimens). - Gee, W., Univ. S. Carol. Bull. 72: 20-23. 1928. - Gray, J.L. et al., Letters Asa Gray 1: 134-136. 1893. - Hindle, Br., Pursuit sci. revol. Amer. 305, 317. 1956. - Hitchcock, A.S., Ann. Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. 16: 31-56. 1905 (ident. Walter's grasses). - Lowden, R.M., Taxon, Index pers. names vols. 1-30. 773. 1985. - Lubrecht, H., Early Amer. bot. works 1967, no. 147 (copy with an 8 p. index). - Maxon, W.R., Smithson. misc. Coll. 95(8): 1-6. 1936. - Murray, G., Hist. coll. Nat. hist. Dept. Brit. Mus. 1: 189. 1904 (herb. BM). - Rembert, D.H., Thomas Walter, Carolina botanist, Columbia, S.C. 1980, 33 p. (biogr., portr., sec. refs., herb., grave) (Mus. Bull. 5, S. Carol. Mus. Comm.); Arch. nat. Hist. 12(2): 224. 1985 (on W.'s dedication of *Fl. carol.* to William Pitcairn); Bot. Soc. Amer. Misc. Ser. Publ. 158: 92-93. 1980 (the Walter-Fraser connection); A.S.B. Bull. 27(2): 58. 1980; Huntia 6(2): 129-140. 1986 (index to *Flora caroliniana*). - Rock, H.F.L., Rhodora 58: 311-317. 1956 (binom. Helenium in Fl. carol.). - Sargent, C.S., Garden & Forest 10: 301-302. 1897. - Sprague, Th.A., Bull. misc. Inf. Kew 1939: 331-334. 1939. - Stafleu, F.A., Taxon 12: 83. 1963 (date *Fl. carol.*). - Thomas, C.E., Sandlapper Sep 1969, p. 57-60. - Thomas, J.P., Thomas Walter, botanist, 11 p., Columbia S.C. - Ward, D.B., Rhodora 64: 87-92. 1962 (on *Anonymos*). - Wilbur, R.L., J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 78: 125-132. 1962 (identity of Anonymous species). #### Handwriting Taxon 28: 346. 1979. ### Publications ##### n.16.613. Flora caroliniana **Title** *Flora caroliniana*, secundum systema vegetabilium perillustris Linnaei digesta; characteres essentiales naturalesve et differentias veras exhibens; cum emendationibus numerosis: descriptionum antea evulgatarum: adumbrationes stirpium plus mille continens: nec non, generibus novis non paucis, speciebus plurimis novisq. ornata... Londini \[London\] (Sumptibus J. Fraser...) 1788. Oct. (in 4-s) **Abbreviated title**: *Fl. carol.* **Notes** *Publ*.: Apr-Jun 1788, p. \[i\]-viii, \[1\]-263, *1 pl*. (fold out). *Copies*: B, G, HH, MICH, NY, PH, USDA; IDC 5420. – The New York copy has an index p. \[i-viii\]. Such a copy is also mentioned by H. Lubrecht (1967). *Index*: see D.H. Rembert Jr., Huntia 6(2): 129-140. 1986. *Facsimile ed*.: Arnold Arboretum, 1946. *Copies*: BR, FAS, HH. *Note*: Walter brought the manuscript to London where he arrived in the course of March 1788. The book was published before July (cf. Analytical review 1: 381. Jul 1788). – The designation *Anonymos* (on p. 2, 4, 9 etc.) is a word applied to 28 different genera by Walter to indicate that they were without names. *Anonymos* cannot be regarded as a generic name (see ICBN Art. 20.4(a); combinations such as Anonymos aquatica (p. 230) are not validly published (Art. 43).