> [!cite] BHL link: this entry starts at [page 741](https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33333880) of TL-2 Vol. V > Author links: [IPNI](https://www.ipni.org/a/9891-1) LSID 9891-1, [Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77215) QID Q77215 > Support pages: [[Abbreviations|abbreviations]], [[Layout key|layout key]], [[Cite TL-2|cite TL-2]] ### Author Sonder, Otto Wilhelm (1812-1881), German (Holstein) botanist and pharmacist; pharmaceutical state examination Berlin 1835; owner of a pharmacy in Hamburg 1841-1878; Dr. phil. h.c. Königsberg 1846; compiled a large herbarium especially rich in African and Australian collections. **Abbreviated name**: *Sond.* \[standard form in IPNI: *Sond.*\] #### Herbarium and types The Sonder herbarium was sold in parts after his death. The most important parts are at [[Collection MEL|MEL]] and [[Collection S|S]]. – The set at [[Collection S|S]] contains the major part of the South African herbarium, acquired in 1875, including many types of the *Flora capensis*. B. Nordenstamm (in lit. and 1980) informed us that this set contains at least 60.000 specimens; many sheets have detailed annotations in Sonder's handwriting. A list of the holdings of [[Collection MEL|MEL]] (main part of algal herb.) is given by Court (1972). Gandoger also acquired part of the African herbarium but it is not clear whether this set is now at [[Collection LY|LY]]; it contained mainly the classical series of exsiccatae of Drège (8575), Ecklon (4500) and Zeyher (Gandoger 1901). – Other Sonder material is at [[Collection BM|BM]] (some algae), [[Collection C|C]], [[Collection CGE|CGE]], [[Collection DBN|DBN]], [[Collection E|E]], [[Collection E|E]]-GL, [[Collection GRA|GRA]], [[Collection K|K]], [[Collection KIEL|KIEL]] (algae), [[Collection L|L]] (also in herb. Kützing; algae), [[Collection LE|LE]], [[Collection MANCH|MANCH]], [[Collection PH|PH]], [[Collection TCD|TCD]] (algae), [[Collection W|W]] (algae), [[Collection WAG|WAG]]. – *Letters* to D.F.L. von Schlechtendal at [[Collection HAL|HAL]], to F.A.W. Miquel at [[Collection U|U]], other letters at [[Collection G|G]]. #### Bibliography and biography ADB 34: 619-621 (E. Wunschmann); AG 1: 275; Backer p. 661; Barnhart 3: 303 (b. 13 Jun 1812, d. 21 Nov 1881); Biol.-Dokum. 17: 8773; BL 1: 54, 319; BM 5: 1970; Bossert p. 376; Christiansen p. 320; CSP 5: 749-750, 8: 982, 11: 451, 12: 693; De Toni 1: cxviii, 4: liv; DTS 1: 284; Frank 3 (Anh.): 98; Herder p. 189, 217, 230, 325; Hortus 3: 1204; IH 1 (ed. 2): 114, (ed. 3): 146, (ed. 6): 364, (ed. 7): 343, 2: files; Jackson p. 399; KR p. 661; LS 25370; Morren ed. 2, p. 12; PR 2099, 3834, 8769-8777, ed. 1: 9748; Rehder 5: 812; Saccardo 2: 102; SBC p. 132; TL-1/484, see indexes; TL-2/198, 2448, 3607, 4332, 6397, see indexes; Tucker 1: 659-660; Urban-Berl. p. 399; Zander ed. 10, p. 719, ed. n, p. 820. #### Biofile - Anon., Bonplandia 3: 34. 1855, 6: 53. 1858 (cognomen Leopoldina Seba III), 7: 219. 1859 (support Fl. cap.), 8: 108. 1860 (Fl. cap. vol. 1), 10: 267. 1862 (Sonder acquires Lehmann's Asperifoliae); Bot. Centralbl. 8: 288. 1881 (d.), 12: 32. 1882 (coll. of 80 Australian wood specimens for sale); Bot. Not. 1874: 191 (Afr. herb. bought by S.), 1875: 123-124 (id.), 1882: 30 (d.); Bot. Zeit. 4: 520. 1846 (dr. h.c. Königsberg), 18: 388. 1860 (*Fl. cap.* vol. 1 out), 39: 814. 1881 (d.), 40: 729. 1882 (Austral. works); Bull. Soc. bot. France 28 (bibl.): 235. 1881 (d.); Flora 29: 527. 1881 (dr. h.c. Königsberg), 64: 560. 1881 (d.); J. Bot. 20: 31-32. 1882 (obit, not.); Leopoldina 17: 211. 1881 (d.). - Bullock, A.A., Bibl. S. Afr. bot. 110-111. 1978. - Candolle, Alph. de, Phytographie 452. 1880 ("Son herb. du Cap, très riche, est au Musée de l'État à Stockholm). - Court, A.B., Muelleria 2(3): 188. 1972 (on Sonder coll. MEL). Ducker, S.C. *in* D.J. and S.G.M. Carr, People and plants in Australia 121, 122, 124, 125, 126. 1981 (Austral. algology). - Fischer-Benzon, R.J.D., *in* P. Prahl, Krit. Fl. Schlesw.-Holst. 2: 55-56. 1890 (on floristic activity in N. Germany). - Gandoger, M., Bull. Soc. bot. France 48: xci-xcii. 1902 (see also 60: 414-422. 1913 and 74: 8. 1927) (on herb.). - Gunn, M. & L.E. Codd, Bot. expl. S. Afr. 328-329. 1981 (S. Afr. coll.). - Hein, W.H. & H.D. Schwarz 2: 638-639. 1978. - Hooker, J.D., *in* W.J. Hooker, London J. Bot. 5: 524-525. 1846 (visit to Sonder). - Huxley, L., Life letters, J.D. Hooker 1: 468, 2. 15. 1918. - Jessen, K.F.W., Bot. Gegenw. Vorz. 468-472. 1884. - Jessop, J.P., Standard encl. S. Afr. 10: 61. 1973. - Karsten, M., *in* Dict. S. Afr. Biogr. 2: 693. 1972. - Koster, J.Th., Taxon 18: 558. 1969 (algal coll.). - Lindman, C.A.M., Nat. Riksmus. uppkomst o. utveckl., Bot. Avd. 103. 1906 (herb.). - Lowden, R.M., Taxon, Index pers. names vols. 1-30.-686. 1985. - Maiden, J.K., J. Proc. R. Soc. N.S.W. 55: 167-168. 1922 (work on Austral. coll., epon.). - Marshall, H.S., J. Soc. Bibl. nat. Hist. 1(7): 195-196. 1939 (dates of Harvey and Sonder, *Flora capensis*). - Müller, R.H.W. & R. Zaunick, Friedrich Traugott Kützing 21, 238, 239, 245, 248, 295. 1960. - Nordenstamm, B., Taxon 29: 279-291. 1980 (on the Sonder herbarium in S.; the type specimens for the early volumes of Fl. cap. are in S. wherever "Herb. Sond." is cited). - Sadebeck, R., Bot. Centralbl. 9: 363-367. 1882 (main biogr. account). - Sayre, G., Bryologist 80: 518. 1977 (coll.). - Sinkora, D.M., Muelleria 4(4): 419-422. 1981 (notes on Sonder, *Algae of the New Hebrides*, Pap. Proc. R. Soc. Tasmania 1880: 13-14; types MEL, coll. F.A. Campbell). - Thiselton-Dyer, W.T., Bull. misc. Inf. Kew 1925: 289 (brief mention of Sonder's part in Fl. cap.). - Voigt, A., Bot. Inst. Hamburg 60, 61, 63. 1897. - Wittmack, L., Verh. bot. Ver. Brandenburg 24: xlv. 1883 (d.). - Wittrock, V.B., Acta Horti Berg. 3(3): 153, *pl. 126.* 1905. - Womersley, H.B.S., J. mar. freshwater Res. 7: 346, 348. 1956 (herb.). #### Composite works - (1) With W.H. Harvey, *Fl. cap.* vols. 1-3, 1860-1865, co-editor and author of many family treatments for which see TL-2/2448 and Bullock 1978. - (2) Co-editor, J.G.C. Lehmann, *Pl. Preiss.* 1844-1848, TL-2/4332. - (3) *Algae, in* O. Kersten, C.C. von der Decken, Reisen Ost-Afrika 3(3): \[3\], \[79\]-85. 1879. #### Note Sonder acquired the first set of the South African collections of C.F. Ecklon and C. Zeyher, including the unicates. This set is now at S. Apart from his contributions to the *Flora capensis* Sonder published papers based on these collections in Linnaea: - (1) *Enumeratio orchidearum* quas in Africa australi extratropica collegerunt C.F. Ecklon, Dr., et C. Zeyher, Linnaea 19(1): 71-112. 14-16 Jan 1846. - (2) *Beiträge zur Flora von Südafrica*, Linnaea 23(1): 1-138. Feb 1850 (also issued separately, p. \[1\]-138. *Copy*: MO). #### Handwriting M. Gunn & L.E. Codd, Bot. expl. S. Afr. 328. 1981; Muelleria 4(1): 419-422. 1981; Taxon 29: 281, 283, 286. 1980. #### Eponymy *Ottosonderia* H.M.L. Bolus (1958); *Sondera* J.G.C. Lehmann (1844); *Sonderella* Schmitz (1896); *Sonderia* F. von Müller (1890); *Sonderina* H. Wolff (1927); *Sonderopelta* H.B.S. Womersley et D. Sinkora (1981); *Sonderophycus* M. Denizot (1968); *Sonderothamnus* R. Dahlgren (1968). ### Publications ##### n.12.443. Revision der Heliophileen **Title** *Revision der Heliophileen*... \[Hamburg 1846\]. Qu. **Abbreviated title**: *Revis. Heliophil.* **Notes** *Issue* (*1*): 1846, p. \[i, iii\], \[1\]-103, \[104, err.\], *pl. 17-29* (uncol. liths.). *Copies*: G, MO, NY, PH.- Reprinted or preprinted from Abh. Geb. Naturw., Hamburg 1: 173-279. 1846. *Issue*(*2*): 1846, p. \[173\]-279, \[280, err.\], *pl. 17-29* (uncol. liths.). *Copies*: BR, G, MO. – Reprinted without change of pagination from idem. ##### n.12.444. Flora hamburgensis **Title** *Flora hamburgensis*. Beschreibung der phanerogamischen Gewächse, welche in der Umgegend von Hamburg wild wachsen und häufig cultivirt werden... Hamburg (Verlag von Robert Kittler) 1851 \[1850\]. Duod. **Abbreviated title**: *Fl. hamburg.* **Notes** *Publ*.: Nov 1850 (p. iv: Oct 1850; Regensburg rd Nov 1850; ÖbW 30 Jan 1851; Bot. Not. rev. Apr-Mai 1851, p. \[i\*\], \[i-iv\], \[1\]-601. *Copies*: B, G, HH, NY, PH, USDA. *Ref*.: A-n., Bot. Not. 1851: 87-95, 149-152 (rev.). - Fürnrohr, A.E., Flora 34: 38-47. 21 Jan 1851 (rev.). - Irmisch, Th., Bot. Zeit. 11: 63-67, 86-91. 1853 (rev.). ##### n.12.445. Die Algen des tropischen Australiens **Title** *Die Algen des tropischen Australiens*... \[Hamburg 1871\]. Qu. **Abbreviated title**: *Alg. trop. Austral.* **Notes** *Issue*(*1*): 1871, p. \[1\]-42, *pl. 1-6* (col. liths. auct.). *Copies*: B-S, NY. – Reprinted or preprinted from Abh. Geb. Naturw. Hamburg 5(2): \[33\]-74, *pl. 1-6.* 1871. *Issue*(*2*): 1871 (Bot. Zeit. 14 Jul 1871), p. \[33\]-74, *pl. 1-6* (id.). Reprinted from id. 5(2): \[33\]-74. p*l. 1-6.* 1871. *Copies*: BR, FH; IDC 6406. *Ref*.: Magnus, P., Bot. Zeit. 29: 468-469. 14 Jul 1871 (rev. of journal issue). ##### n.12.446. Algae australianae **Title** Supplementum ad volumen undecimum fragmentorum phytographieae Australiae, indices plantarum acotyledonarum complectens. I. *Algae australianae* hactenus cognitae, doctore Guilielmo Ottone Sonder enumeratae. \[Melbourne (auctoritate Gubern. coloniae Victoriae....)\] 1880. Oct. **Notes** *Publ*.: Sep-Dec 1880 (p. 42: Aug 1880), p. \[1\]-42. *Copy*: FH. – Reprinted and to be cited from F.J.H. v. Mueller, *Fragm*., suppl. 1-42. 1880.