> [!cite] BHL link: this entry starts at [page 289](https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33333428) of TL-2 Vol. V
> Author links: [IPNI](https://www.ipni.org/a/9219-1) LSID 9219-1, [Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77803) QID Q77803
> Support pages: [[Abbreviations|abbreviations]], [[Layout key|layout key]], [[Cite TL-2|cite TL-2]]
### Author
Schönland, \[later: Schonland\] Selmar (1860-1940), German (Thuringian) botanist; studied at Berlin and Kiel; student of A. Engler; Dr. phil. Kiel 1883; high school teacher at Aschersleben 1884-1885; assistant with I.B. Balfour and S. Vines at Oxford, M.A. Oxf. 1888; curator, later director of the Albany Museum, Grahamstown, S. Africa 1889-1910; curator of the herbarium 1910-1925; professor of botany at Rhodes University College 1905-1925; from 1925-1940 in retirement at Grahamstown.
**Abbreviated name**: *Schönl.* \[standard form in IPNI: *Schönland*\]
#### Herbarium and types
[[Collection GRA|GRA]]; other material at [[Collection A|A]], [[Collection B|B]] (mainly destr.), [[Collection BM|BM]], [[Collection BR|BR]], [[Collection MO|MO]], [[Collection NH|NH]], [[Collection PRE|PRE]], [[Collection SAM|SAM]], [[Collection STU|STU]], [[Collection WRSL|WRSL]], [[Collection Z|Z]]. – Schönland built up the Albany Museum Herbarium ([[Collection GRA|GRA]]) from 1000 specimens upon his arrival to 100.000 in 1925. – Documents and correspondence at [[Collection GRA|GRA]].
#### Bibliography and biography
Backer p. 519; Barnhart 3: 237 (b. 15 Aug 1860, d. Mai \[err.\] 1940); BJI 1: 52, 2: 157-158; Biol.-Dokum. 16: 8253; BL 1: 29, 54, 317; BM 4: 1855, 8: 1159; Bossert p. 354; CSP 12: 662, 18: 566; Frank 3 (Anh.): 92; Herder p. 297; Hirsch p. 266; Hortus 3: 1203; IFI 1 (ed. 6): 364, (ed. 7): 342; SIA 189; Tucker 1: 633; Urban-Berl. p. 281, 393; Zander ed. 10, p. 713, ed. 11, p. 813-814 (d. Jun 1940, err.).
#### Biofile
- Anon., Bot. Centralbl. 37: 407. 1889 (was asst. Oxford; to South Africa, Grahamstown); Bot. Jahrb. 11 (Beibl. 24): 2. 1889 (from Oxford to Albany, S. Afr.).; Nat. Nov. 32: 460. 1910 (succeeded by J. Hewitt as director of the Albany Museum; retains supervision of herbarium); Nature 3699: 395. 1940 (obit. not.); Who's who (London) 1918-1939; Who was who 3 (1929-1940): 1204.
- Bullock, A.A., Bibl. S. Afr. bot. 101-102. 1978 (bibl.).
- Gunn, M. & L.E. Codd, Bot. Expl. S. Afr. 318. 1981 (biogr. sketch, portr., coll., refs.).
- Hewitt, J. and Bolus, L., J.S. Afr. Bot. 6: 195-204. 1940 (obit., portr., bibl.).
- Hutchinson, J., Bull. misc. Inf. Kew 1940: 273-274 (obit.).
- Jacot Guillarmod, A.F.M.G., Suid-Afr. biogr. Woordenb. 1: 725-726. 1968 (biogr., refs.); Dict. S. Afr. biogr. 1: 695. 1968 (id.) (d. 22 Apr 1940).
- Jessop, J.P., Standard Encycl. S. Afr. 9: 519. 1973.
- Phillips, E.P., S. Afr. J. Sci. 27: 48, 51-52, 56, 57, 61, 63, 68, 69. 1930 (work at Albany Museum).
- Phillips, E.P., ed., Fl. pl. S. Afr. 21: frontisp. portr. and dedication. 1941.
- Rosenthal, E., S. Afr. Dict. natl. Biogr. 332. s.d. (1966).
- Schonland, S., Bull. misc. Inf. Kew 1920(7): 225-231 (a trip to Knysna).
- Verdoorn, F., ed., Chron. bot. 1: 16. 1935, 6: 68. 1941.
- White, A. & B.L. Sloane, The Stapelieae ed. 2. 1: 21, 119-120. 1937.
#### Composite works
Contributed to EP, *Nat. Pflanzenfam.*:
- (1) *Campanulaceae*, 4(5): 40-48. Jun 1889, 49-70. Sep 1889.
- (2) *Candolleaceae*, 4(5): 79-80. Sep 1889, 81-84. Feb 1890.
- (3) *Crassulaceae*, 3(2a): 23-38. Dec 1890.
- (4) *Commelinaceae*, 2(4): 60-69. 21 Feb 1888.
- (5) *Goodeniaceae*, 4(5): 70-79. Sep 1889.
- (6) *Pontederiaceae*, 2(4): 70-75. 21 Feb 1888.
#### Eponymy
*Schoenlandia* Cornu (1896); *Schonlandia* L. Bolus (1927). – Also: *Schonland Botanical Laboratory*, Rhodes University.
#### Note
Schönland, *List of the flowering plants found in the Districts of Albany and Bathurst, Cape Colony* was published in Rec. Albany Mus. 2(1): 44-64. 28 Mar 1907, 2(2): 97-136. 24 Dec 1907.
### Publications
##### n.10.998. Über die Entwicklung der Blüten und Frucht bei den Platanen
**Title**
*Über die Entwicklung der Blüten und Frucht bei den Platanen*. (Von der philosophischen Facultät in Kiel mit dem Schassischen Preise gekrönte Arbeit). Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung der philosophischen Doctorwürde eingereicht bei der philosophischen Facultät in Kiel... Leipzig (Wilhelm Engelmann) 1883. Oct.
**Abbreviated title**: *Entw. Bl. Fr. Platanen*.
**Notes**
*Publ*.: 10 Jul 1883 (in journal, precise date of reprint or preprint not known; Bot. Zeit. 26 Oct 1883; Nat. Nov. Sep(2) 1883), p. \[1\]-22, \[23 Vita, 24 Thesen\], *pl. 6.* – *Copies*: B, NSUB. – Reprinted or preprinted from Bot. Jahrb. 4: 308-327. *pl. 6.* 1883.
##### n.10.999. New Species of Crassula
**Title**
*New Species of Crassula*... \[Reprinted from the "Journal of Botany" for October, 1898\]. Oct.
**Notes**
*Co-author*: Edmund Gilbert Baker (1864-1949).
*Publ*.: Oct 1898, p. \[i\], \[1\]-13. *Copies*: B, G. – Reprinted and to be cited from J. Bot. 36: 361-373. Oct 1898.
##### n.11.000. Phanerogamic flora
**Title**
*Phanerogamic flora* of the divisions *of Uitenhage and Port Elizabeth* by S. Schonland ... Pretoria (The Government Printing and Stationary Office) 1919. 16-mo.
**Abbreviated title**: *Phan. fl. Uitenhage*.
**Notes**
*Publ*.: Jun 1919 (p. \[1\]: 5 Mai 1919; date of printing 27 Mai 1919), p. \[i-ii\], \[1\]-118.
*Copies*: MO, US, USDA. – Issued as Memoir no. 1, Botanical Survey of South Africa.
*Ref*.: Anon., Bull. misc. Inf. Kew 1920: 139-141 (rev.).
##### n.11.001. South African Cyperaceae
**Title**
*South African Cyperaceae*... Pretoria (The Government Printing and Stationary Office) 1922. 16-mo.
**Abbreviated title**: *S. Afr. Cyperac.*
**Notes**
*Publ*.: Jan 1922 (printed 15 Dec 1921, p. \[3\]: 22 Nov 1921), p. \[1\]-72, *pl. 1-80* (uncol., Stella Gowen). *Copies*: H, M, MO, US, USDA. – Issued as Memoir 3, Botanical Survey of South Africa.
##### n.11.002. The genera Rhus and Crassula
**Title**
*The genera Rhus and Crassula* in Thunberg's herbarium at Uppsala... \[Arkiv for Botanik. Band 21A. N:o 16. 1927\]. Oct.
**Notes**
*Publ*.: shortly after 28 Nov 1927 (date of printing; issued in journal vol. 28 Jan 1928), p. \[1\]-12. *Copies*: Peterson, U; IDC 8562 (175).
##### n.11.002a. Materials for a critical revision of Crassulaceae
**Title**
*Materials for a critical revision of Crassulaceae*. (The South African species of the genus Crassula L. (emend. Schonl.). \[Reprinted from the Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa... 1929\].
**Notes**
*Publ*.: 1929, cover-t.p., p. \[151\]-293. *Copy*: HH. – Reprinted and to be cited from Trans. R. Soc. S. Afr. 17(3): \[151\]-293. 1929.
##### n.11.003. The South African species of Rhus
**Title**
*The South African species of Rhus* L.... Pretoria (The Government Printer) 1930. 16-mo.
**Notes**
*Publ*.: 30 Aug 1930 (date on cover journal; printed 27 Aug 1930), p. \[1\]-115. *Copies*: B, G, HH. – Reprinted and to be cited from Bothalia 3: 3-115. 1930.