> [!cite] BHL link: this entry starts at [page 105](https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33333244) of TL-2 Vol. V > Author links: [IPNI](https://www.ipni.org/a/12818-1) LSID 12818-1, [Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66661) QID Q66661 > Support pages: [[Abbreviations|abbreviations]], [[Layout key|layout key]], [[Cite TL-2|cite TL-2]] ### Author Schaeffer, Jacob Christian (1718-1790), German (Saxony-born Bavarian) botanist, zoologist and theologist and clergyman; studied theology at Halle; private teacher at Regensburg 1738-1740; pastor and teacher at the protestant seminary at Regensburg 1741; Dr. phil. Wittenberg 1760; Dr. theol. Tübingen 1763; pastor and superintendent of the Regensburg protestant community 1779-1790. **Abbreviated name**: *Schaeff.* \[standard form in IPNI: *Schaeff.*\] #### Herbarium and types Unknown. #### Name The name is correctly J.C. Schäffer; however, most of the botanical works have a latin title and on them "Schaeffer" is used. #### Bibliography and biography ADB 30: 531-532 (E. Wunschmann); Ainsworth p. 56, 68, 115, 226, 254, 273, 311; Barnhart 3: 220 (b. 30 Mai 1818, d. 5 Jan 1790); BM 4: 1822, 8: 1145-1146; Bossert p. 351; Dryander 3: 20, 32, 226, 351, 557; Frank 3 (Anh.): 89; Hawksworth p. 197; Herder p. 95, 142, 245, 393, 411; Hortus 3: 1203; Jackson p. 162; Kelly p. 207; Kew 4: 613; Lasègue p. 545; LS 23806-23810; NI 1744-1746, 1743n; Plesch p. 378; PR 7059, 8109-8116, ed. 1: 9058-9065; Quenstedt p. 380; Rehder 1: 78, 257, 5: 763; RS p. 140; SO 638, 639, 640; Stevenson p. 1257; TL-1/1153-1156; TL-2/345, 4215; Tucker 1: 627; Zander ed. 10, p. 711, ed. 11, p. 811. #### Biofile - Anon., Brit. Mus. gen. cat. print. books 214: 112-115. 1964; Cat. gén. livr. impr. Bibl. natl. 164: 673-683. 1943; Index biogr. Acad. Sci., Paris 460. 1954. - Baader, C.A., Lexikon verstorbener bayerischer Schriftsteller des 18. und 19. Jahrhunderts 1(2): 191-196. 1824 (biogr., bibl. 68 nos.; further sec. refs.). - Dörfelt, H. & W. Berg, Leopoldina ser. 3. 27: 161-197. 1981 (publ. 1983) (Erdstern-Abbildungen). - Fries, E.M., Flora 39: 369-373. 1856 (identification of S's *Ic. fung. Bavar.*). - Fries, Th.M., Bref Skrifv. Linné 1(3): 154. 1909, 1(4): 228, 245. 1910, 1(5): 15, 136, 351. 1911, 1(6): 76, 121. 1912. - Fürnrohr, O., Ber. naturw. Ver. Regensburg 11: 120-139. 1905/6 (1908) (biogr. details on the Regensburg Schäffer family, biogr. sketch, bibl., portr.; main modern source). - Gilbert, P., Comp. biogr. lit. deceased entom. 336. 1977 (further refs. to older notes on his entomology). - Hennig, B., *in* Michael/Hennig Handb. Pilzfr. 2: 31-32. 1960 (brief biogr. sketch). - Hulth, J.M., Bref Skrifv. Linné 2(1): 267, 308, 309. 1916, & A.H. Uggia 2(2): 232, 233, 234. 1943. - Jessen, K.F.W., Bot. Gegenw. Vorz. 276, 373. 1884. - Jourdan, A.J.L., Dict. Sci. méd., Biogr. méd. 7: 119-121. 1825 (bibl.). - Laplanche, M.C. de, Dict. iconogr. champ. sup. 1894 (tableaux de concordance). - Mayer, C., Rep. spec. nov. regn. veg., Beih. 131: 121-125. 1942 (reproduces part of the key in the Erleichterte Arzneikräuterwissenschaft of 1759). - Meusel, J.G., Lex. teut. Schriftsteller 12: 71-79. 1812. - Müllerott, M., Hoppea 34(2): 312, 316. 1976 (list of S.'s works at REG), 39: 28-29, 47. 1980 (on S. and Linnaeus). - Nissen, G, Zool. Buchill. 362-364. 1969. - Percheron, A., Bibl. entomologique 2: 31-37. 1837. - Raab, H., Z. Pilzk. 46: 106-107, 109. 1968 (brief evaluation of mycol. work). - Rothmaler, W., Repert. spec. nov. 53(1): 31, 32, 33. 1944. - Sachs, J., Gesch. Bot. 226. 1875. - Schmid, G., Goethe u.d. Naturw. nos. 4296-4299. 1940. - Stafleu, F.A., Linnaeus and the Linnaeans 253, 254. 1971. - Voorn, H., The Paper Maker 21(2): 1-14. 1952 (on his paper making; bibl., portr.). - Weiss, H.B., J. New York Entom. Soc. 46(3): 244. 1938 (S. made paper of wasp's nests, different kinds of wood, moss, and vines), 60: 241-244. 1952 (biogr. sketch). - Wittrock, V.B., Acta Horti Berg. 3(2): 141. 1903 (on portr.). - Zachert, U., Herz. August Bibl. Wolfenbüttel, Verz. med. nat. Drucke 1472-1830, 4: 1469-1470. 1982. #### General treatment W.J. Lütjeharms \[1907-1983\], Zur Geschichte der Mykologie des xviii. Jahrhundert 9, 11, 147-150, 168, 230, 233, 249. 1936. #### Eponymy No etymology was given for *Schaefferia* N.J. Jacquin (1760). ### Publications ##### n.10.469. Epistola **Title** Jacobi Christiani Schaefferi... *Epistola* ad illustrem imper. reg. Academiam roveredensem *de studii botanici* faciliori ac tutiori methodo. Cum specimine tabularum sexualium et universalium in hunc finem elaboratarum aerique incisarum \[Ratisbonae, Regensburg\] (Litteris fratr. Zunkel) \[1758\]. Qu. **Abbreviated title**: *Epist. stud. bot.* **Notes** *Publ*.: 1758 (fide PR), p. \[i-ii\], \[1\]-14, double chart. *Copies*: E, H-UB, MO, USDA. – French version: J. de Physique 15: 268-283. Apr 1780. ##### n.10.470. Isagoge in botanicam expeditiorem **Title** Jacobi Christiani Schaeffer... *Isagoge in botanicam expeditiorem*. Iconibus aeri incisis et pictis illustrata, Ratisbonae \[Regensburg\] (litteris Fratr. Zunkel) 1759. Oct. (in fours). **Abbreviated title**: *Isag. bot. exped.* **Notes** *Publ*.: 7 Apr-31 Mai 1759 (p. \[vi\]: 7 Apr 1759; NZgS 16 Aug 1759; Ned. Letter-Courant 7 Sep 1759; in an advertisement for *Botanica expeditior*, dated 1 Oct 1759, the publisher states that the Isagoge was actually published ("wirklich erschienen") at the Easter Fair 1758. A copy of this leaflet is found in vol. 13 of the Linnaean corr. at LINN), p. \[i-xii\], \[1\]-96, *pl. 1-4* (col. copp. engr. I.G. Bez), \[1-8, index\]. *Copies*: G, HH, M, NY, USDA. ##### n.10.471. Vorläufige Beobachtungen der Schwämme um Regensburg **Title** *Vorläufige Beobachtungen der Schwämme um Regensburg* angestellet und mit vier Kupfertafeln ausgemahlter Abbildungen erläutert von Jacob Christian Schäffer,... Regensburg (gedruckt mit Weissischen Schriften und in der Montagischen Buchhandlung in Commission zu haben) 1759. Qu. **Abbreviated title**: *Vorläuf. Beob. Schwämme Regensb.* **Notes** *Publ*.: Nov-Dec 1759 (p. \[iv\]: 1 Nov 1759; NZgS 7 Jul 1760), p. \[i-viii\], \[1\]-59, \[1-2, expl. *pl*.\], *pl. 1-4* (col. copp. Suzanna Sophia Betzin). *Copies*: B-S, FH, H-UB, MICH, MO, NY, Stevenson, USDA; IDC 6310. *Ed. 2*: 1770, p. \[i-iv\], \[1\]-62, \[63-64\], *pl. 1-4* (id.). *Copy*: G. "Zwote Auflage". Regensburg (gedruckt bey Johann Christoph Keyser) 1770. ##### n.10.472. Arzneykräuterwissenschaft **Title** Jacob Christian Schäffers,... erleichterte *Arzneykräuterwissenschaft*. Mit einer allgemeinen Einleitung und vier Kupfertafeln ausgemahlter Abbildungen erläutert... Regensburg (gedruckt mit Weissischen Schriften und in der Montagischen Buchhandlung in Commission zu haben) 1759. Qu. **Abbreviated title**: *Arzneykr.-Wiss.* **Notes** *Ed*. \[*1*\]: 1759, (p. vi: 23 Sep 1759), p. \[i-viii\], \[1\]-176, \[1-12, index\], *pl. 1-4* (col. copp. I.G. Bez). *Copies*: B-S, HH, KU, MO, NSUB, NY. – The title is that of the copy at MO; other copies have: "... Arzneykräuterwissenschaft. Nebst vier Kupfertafeln mit ausgemahlten Abbildungen". *Ed. 2*: 1770, p. \[i-iv\],\[1\]-176, *pl. 1-4* (id.), \[1-12, indexes\]. *Copy*: B-S. – "Zweyte Auflage". Regensburg (verlegts Johann Leopold Montag) 1770. Qu. *Neue und vermehrte Auflage*: 1773 (p. viii: 1 Aug 1773; dedic. 1 Sep 1773), p. \[i-viii\], \[1\]-234, \[1-14, index\], *6 pl*. (col. copp.). *Copies*: HH, NSUB, NY. ##### n.10.473. Der Gichtschwamm **Title** *Der Gichtschwamm* mit grünschleimigem Hute beschrieben und mit fünf Kupfertafeln ausgemahlter Abbildungen erläutert von Jacob Christian Schäffer,... Regensburg (verlegts Johann Leopold Montag) 1760. Qu. **Abbreviated title**: *Gichtschwamm*. **Notes** *Publ*.: Mar-Aug 1760 (p. \[vi\]: 1 Mar 1760; NZgS 1 Sep 1760), p. \[i-xii\], \[1\]-36, *pl. 1-5* (col. copp. Stephan Luibel). *Copies*: B-S, FH, G, H-UB, M, MICH, MO, NY, USDA; IDC 6312. – Gichtschwamm = *Phallus impudicus*; "Gicht" = gout. ##### n.10.474. Botanica expeditior **Title** Jacobi Christiani Schaeffer... *Botanica expeditior*. Genera plantarum in tabulis sexualibus et universalibus aeri incisis exhibens. Ratisbonae \[Regensburg\] (Typis Emanuelis Adami Weissii) 1760. Oct. (in fours). **Abbreviated title**: *Bot. exped.* **Notes** *Publ*.: 1 Oct-24 Dec 1760 (p. iv: Oct 1760; 24 Dec 1760 book apparently publ., fide letter S. to Linnaeus), frontisp. (col. copp. I.G. Bez), p. \[i\*-vi\*\], \[i\]-iv, \[v, vii\], \[1\]-338, \[339-369, index\]. *Copies*: H-UB, HH, MO, NY, U, USDA. *Reissue*: 1762, p. \[i\*-iii\*\], \[i\]-vi, frontisp., \[1\]-338, \[339-369, index\]. *Copy*: USDA. – Rev. GGA 27 Nov 1762. ##### n.10.475. Icones et descriptio fungorum **Title** Jacobi Christiani Schaeffer... *Icones et descriptio fungorum* quorundam singularium et memorabilium. Simul fungorum Bavariae icones nativis coloribus expressae editioni jam paratae propediem evulgandae denunciantur... Ratisbonae \[Regensburg\] (typis Weissianis) A.C.N. 1761. Qu. **Abbreviated title**: *Icon. descr. fang.* **Notes** *Publ*.: 1761 (GGA 30 Jan 1762; Ned. Letter-Courant 16 Apr 1762), p. \[1\]-16. *1 pl*. (col. copp.). *Copies*: BR, FH, HH, MICH, NY; IDC 5712. – Serves as prospectus for *Fung. Bavar. Palat. nasc.*, see below. *German version*: 1761, p. \[1\]-16, *1 pl*. (id.). *Copies*: G, M, NY. – Jacob Christian Schäffers, ... Abbildung und Beschreibung einiger sonderbaren und merkwürdigen Schwämme womit zugleich von der nunmehrigen Ausgabe der natürlich ausgemahlten Abbildungen Bayerischer Schwämme Nachricht ertheilet wird... Regensburg (gedruckt mit Weissischen Schriften) 1761. Qu. ##### n.10.476. Fungorum qui in Bavaria et Palatinatu **Title** *Fungorum qui in Bavaria et Palatinatu* circa Ratisbonam *nascuntur icones* nativis coloribus expressae... Ratisbonae \[Regensburg\] (typis Zunkelianis) 1762-1771, 4 vols. Qu. **Abbreviated title**: *Fung. Bavar. Palat. nasc.* **Notes** *1*: Sep-Oct 1762 (p. \[xxi\]: 1 Sep 1762; GGA 28 Oct 1762), p. \[i-xxi, preface mat., no sign.\], "genus primum" text sign. A1-N3, \[i, t.p plates\], engraved t.p., *pl. 1-100* (two-sided; 50 lvs., col. copp.). *2*: Apr-Dec 1763 (t.p. date of copies seen by us 1767; p. xxiv: 19 Mar 1763; Comment. Sci. nat. Gleditsch 12: 98-101. 1764: issued 1763), p. \[i-xxiv, preface material, no sign.\], genus secundum text sign. O2-DD4, index x1-xx4, \[i, t.p. plates\], *pl. 101-200* (mostly two-sided), verso of pl. 200 has text expl. *pl. 199.* – Occurs also with the date 1767 (*copy*: G). *3*: Sep-Oct 1771 (t.p. 1770; GGA 21 Dec 1771; distr. at Michaelmismesse 1771 ; announced Jena Zeit. 4 Jan 1771), p. \[i-vi, preface material, no sign.\], genus tertium text sign. A-O3 *pl. 201-300* (mostly two-sided). *4*: Apr-Dec 1774 (p. vi: Apr 1774), p. \[i-viii\], *pl. 301-330*; \[i\], \[1\]-136, \[137-144\]. The plates are coloured copper engr. by Sophie Bez \[Beez\], I. St. Loibel and (smaller numbers) by Joh. Jos. Rothermund (vol. 4) and Schauer. *Copies*: BR, G, HH, MICH, NY, Stevenson; IDC 5304. – *German t.p.*: Jacob Christian Schäffers,... natürlich ausgemahlte *Abbildungen Bayrischer und Pfälzischer Schwämme*, welche um Regensburg wachsen..." *Editio secunda*: volumes 1-3 were reissued in 1772 with a title page Ratisbonae (impensis auctoris) 1772, "editio secunda". We have seen only a copy with this t.p. in the Stevenson library; it is accompanied by vol. 4 of the regular issue. Another copy is at H-UB. *Editio tertia*: volumes 1-3 were also reissued in 1780 with a title page Ratisbonae (impensis auctoris) 1780, "editio tertia". We saw copies at HH and USDA, accompanied by a vol. 4 of the regular issue. *Editio nova*: 1800,... *Fungorum qui in Bavaria et Palatinatu circa Ratisbonam nascuntur* Icones nativis coloribus expressae. *Editio nova* commentario aucta a Dr C.H. Persoon..." Erlangae \[Erlangen\] (apud Joannem Jacobum Palmium) 1800. Qu. *1*: frontisp. portr., engr. t.p., \[i-iv\], text A-N3, *pl. 1-100* (as in orig. edition). *2*: \[i-iv\], text A-O3, *pl. 101-200.* *3*: engr. t.p., \[i, printed t.p.\], sign. A-O3, *pl. 201-300.* *4*: \[i\*\], \[i\]-viii, 1-136, \[1-8, index\], *pl. 301-330.* *Commentarius* by C.H. Persoon (see TL-2/7729) 1800, p. \[i-xxii\], \[1\]-130, \[1-8\]. *Copies*: G, MICH, NY, USDA. *Ref*.: Chater, A. & R.K. Brummitt, Taxon 15(1): 145. 1966. - Laplanche, M.C. de, Dict. iconogr. champ. sup. 1894 (Friesian equivalents). - Killermann, S., Z. Pilzk. 3: 25-35, 49-53, *pl. 4.* 1924 (identif. pl.). ##### n.10.477. Neue Versuche und Muster das Pflanzenreich zum Papier- machen **Title** Jacob Christian Schäffers... *Neue Versuche und Muster das Pflanzenreich zum Papiermachen* und andern Sachen wirthschaftsnützlich *zu gebrauchen*... Regensburg 1765-1767, 3 vols. Oct. **Abbreviated title**: *Vers. Papiermach.* **Notes** *1*: 1765, frontisp., p. \[i-xii\], \[1\]-32, 21 "Muster" (samples) *2 pl*. *2*: 1766, p. \[i-viii\], \[1\]-24, 121 "Muster", *1 pl*. *3*: 1767, p. \[i-iii\], \[1\]-22, 9 "Muster", *5 pl*. *Copies*: FI, REG. – For further books by S. on paper making see H. Voorn (1952).