> [!cite] BHL link: this entry starts at [page 708](https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33190179) of TL-2 Vol. IV > Author links: [IPNI](https://www.ipni.org/a/8276-1) LSID 8276-1, [Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63165) QID Q63165 > Support pages: [[Abbreviations|abbreviations]], [[Layout key|layout key]], [[Cite TL-2|cite TL-2]] ### Author Reinwardt, Caspar Georg Carl (1773-1854), German (Prussian)-born Dutch botanist; to Amsterdam in 1787; studied at the Amsterdam Athenaeum; professor of natural history Harderwijk 1800-1808; Dr. h.c. Harderwijk 1800; director of Louis Napoleon's "Jardin du Roi"; 1808-1810; id. of "Cabinet d'histoire naturelle" 1810-1814" and of 's Lands Kabinet van Natuurlijke Historie" 1814-1820; professor of natural history at the Amsterdam Athenaeum 1810-1815; director of agriculture Java 1816-1822, founding (18 Mai 1817) the Buitenzorg (Bogor) botanical garden; from 1823 (appointed 1820)-1845 professor of natural history at Leiden. **Abbreviated name**: *Reinw.* \[standard form in IPNI: *Reinw.*\] #### Herbarium and types [[Collection L|L]]. – Further material at [[Collection BR|BR]], [[Collection C|C]], [[Collection FI|FI]], [[Collection JE|JE]], [[Collection H|H]], [[Collection LE|LE]], [[Collection NY|NY]], [[Collection PC|PC]], [[Collection U|U]], [[Collection W|W]], [[Collection WRSL|WRSL]]. The Reinwardt-van Marum correspondence is at the Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen, Haarlem. Further documentation on Reinwardt is at the Biohistorical Institute, Utrecht (see e.g. J.A. Koolmees, 1979 and E.J. Tuinstra 1981). #### Bibliography and biography Aa 16: 219; ADB 28: 111-113. 1889; AG 3: 443; Backer p. 487 (from 1823 "lost in complete insignificance); Barnhart 3: 142 (b. 3 Jun 1773, d. 6 Mar 1854); BM 4: 1675; Bossert p. 329; Frank 3 (Anh.): 83; Hegi 5(1): 1; Herder p. 68, 70, 167; Hortus 3: 1202; IF p. 726; IH 1 (ed. 2): 70, (ed. 3): 87, (ed. 6)363, (ed. 7): 340, 2: (in press); Jackson p. 395; JW 1: 447, 2: 199, 3: 365-366, 4: 403, 5: 750 (many dutch refs.); Kew 4: 446; Lasègue p. 337, 347, 506; MD 206-208; Moebius p. 421; NNBW 4: 1135; Oudemans 2: 245; PH 567; PR 843, 6652, 7527-7529, ed. 1: 955, 7428, 8449-8471; Rehder 5: 715; RS p. 136; SBC p. 130; SK 1: 429-431, xxxii, itin., portr., coll., 4: 46-48, 51, civ, cv, cxii, clx, 8: i, lxxxix; TL-1/1063, 1375; TL-2/564, 6687; see W.S. Kent, C.G.D. Nees von Esenbeck; Tucker 1: 591; Zander ed. 10, p. 706, ed. 11, p. 805. #### Biofile - Anon., Alg. Konst.-Letter-Bode 1801(2): I. (oration Harderwijk), 1811(1): 184-186 (oration Amsterdam), 1815(2): 210. (will go to the Dutch East Indies), 1819(1): 99-101 (first and second consignments of collections lost), 1819(2): 193-194 (third consignment lost); 1821(1): 84-85, 1821(2): 114-115 (two collections arrived safely but a further collection lost in transit), 1823(1): 306-308 (poem by Siegenbeek welcoming R. to Leiden), 1854(10): 73 (d.), 81 (obit.), 1855: 121. (sale library); Bonplandia 2: 105. 1854 (d.), 171 (herb. not to Rijksherb. but to Bot. Gard. Leiden), 267 (cogn. Leopoldina: Rumpf), 3: 115. 1855 (herb. not \[yet\] at L.); Bot. Not. 1855: 159 (d.); Bot. Zeit. 12: 783-784. 1854 (obit.); Flora 4: 124. 1821 (will occupy Brugman's position at Leiden, 6: 125. 1823 (assumes pro- fessorship Leiden, back from Java), 34: 398-399. 1851 (golden jubilee; medal), 37: 175-176. 1854 (d.); Österr. bot. W. 4: 223. 1854 (d.); Proc. Linn. Soc. London 2: 322-323. 1854 (obit.). - Boelman, H.A.C., Bijdrage tot de geschiedenis der geneeskruidcultuur in Nederlandsch Oost-Indië, Leiden 1936, p. 68-73. - Bom, G.D., Het hooger onderwijs te Amsterdam van 1632 tot onze dagen, Amsterdam 1882, 1: 135-138 (bibl.). - Breure, A.S.H. & J.G. de Bruyn, eds., Leven en werken van J.G.S. van Breda 427 \[index\]. 1979. - Evers, G.A., Utrecht als Koninklijke residentie 189-207. 1941 (on R.'s role as director of Louis Napoleon's zoo 1808-1810). - Ffolliott & Liversidge, Bull. S. Afr. Libr. 3: 134-142. 1964. - Forbes, R.J., ed., Martinus v. Marum 1: 412 \[ed.\]. 1969, 3: 15, 17, 24, 136-137, 142-144, 154-160, 171-172, 186-187, 252. 1971 (in part by M. J. van Steenis-Krusemann), see also Lefebvre & de Bruyn 1976). - Fürnrohr, A.E., Flora 37: 175-176. 1854 (obit.). - Gager, C.S., Brooklyn Bot. Gard. Rec. 27(3): 296. (1817-1822 Buitenzorg gard.), 308 (1819 \[i.e. 1823\]-1845 dir. Leiden bot. gard.). - Geel, van, Handel. Maatsch. Ned. Letterk. Leiden, Levensber. 1854. 87-93 (obit.). - Gunn, M. & L.E. Codd, Bot. Expl. S. Afr. 294. 1981 (collections at the Cape). - Hall, N., Bot. Eucalypts 107-108. 1978. - Hoeven, J. van der, Woorden uitgesproken bij het graf van den hoogleraar C.G.C. Reinwardt, op den 11den Maart 1854, Leiden. 1854. 7p. (obit.). - Holttum, R.E., Taxon 19: 709. 1970. - Hooker, W.J., J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 6: 126. 1854 (d.), 7: 21-23. 1855 (obit.) - Jessen, K.F.W., Bot. Gegenw. Vorz. 469. 1884. - J.G., *in* WJ. Hooker, J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 7: 21-23 1855 (obit., bibliophile, rich library to be dispersed by sale). - Jorissen, W.P., Chemisch Weekblad 8(27): 507-511. 1911 (on R.'s professorship in chemistry and natural history at Amsterdam). - Kalkman, C. & P. Smit, eds., Blumea 25(1): 140 \[index\]. 1979. - Karsten, M.C., J. bot. Soc. S. Afr. 23: 18-22. 1937 (letters from S. Afr.), S. Afr. biogr.-woordenboek 1: 699-700. 1967 (R. spent six weeks at the Cape in 1816), Aloe, Cact. Succ. Soc. Rhodesia Quart. Newsletter 30: 21-29. 1976. - Kemp, P.H. v.d., Kolon. Tijdschr. 9: 191-207, 630-663. 1920 (on the loss of Reinwardt's collections shipped with the Evertsen, 1849). - Koolmees, J.A., Caspar Georg Carl Reinwardt; unpubl. mss. Biohistorical Institute Utrecht, 1979 (general biography; activities, list of archival material, secondary refs.). - Lefebvre, E. & J.G. de Bruyn, Martinus van Marum 6: 434 \[index\]. 1976 (letters to van Marum) (see also Forbes, R.J., ed.). - Lindemann, E. von, Bull. Soc. Natural. Moscou 61: 64. 1886. - Poggendorff, J.C., Biogr. -lit. Handw.-Buch 2: 599. 1863. - Pruijs van der Hoeven, C., Album der Natuur 1858: 312-314 (reminescences). - Sayre, G., Bryologist 80: 516. 1977 (coll.). - Sirks, M. J., Ind. Natuuronderz. 301 \[index\]. 1915. - Stafleu, F.A., Regn. veg. 71: 329, 339. 1970 (Miquel-Schlechtendal corr.); Wentia 16: 20, 26, 39, 1966 (member of the "Instituut" (later KNAW). - Steenis-Kruseman, M. J. van, Blumea 25: 3, 38, 40, 42, 43. 1979. - Treub, M., 's Lands Plantentuin te Buitenzorg 18 Mei 1817-18 Mai 1892, Batavia 1892, p. 1-8 (frontisp. portr., rôle R. as founder). - Tuinstra, E.J., Uit de correspondentie tussen C.G.S. Reinwardt en M. Marum in het tijdperk 1815-1822. Utrecht, Biohistorisch Instituut, mss. 1981 (detailed review corr. with v. Marum). - Veendorp, H. & L.G.M. Baas-Becking, Hortus acad. lugd. batav. 1857-1937, 1938, p. 216 \[index\]. - Vriese, W.H. de, Ons streven naar waren roem. Eenige woorden van dankbare herinnnering, Leiden 1854, 16 p. (obituary); Reis naar het Oostelijk gedeelte van den Indischen Archipel in 1821 door C.G.C. Reinwardt, 1858, p. 1-98, 223-266. - Vrolik, W., Versi. Meded. Kon. Akad. Wet., Amsterdam 2: 214-231. 1854 (obit., bibl.). - Zuchold, E.A., Jahresber. nat. Ver. Halle 5: 48. 1853. #### Handwriting Fl. males. ser. I. 1: cli. 1950. #### Eponymy (genera) *Reinwardtia* Dumortier (1822); *Reinwardtia* Blume ex C.G.D. Nees (1824); *Reinwardtia* K.P.J. Sprengel (1824); *Reinwardtia* Korthals (1841); *Reinwardtiodendron* Koorders (1898); (journal): *Reinwardtia*. Bogor, Indonesia. Vol. i-x, 1950-x. ### Publications ##### n.8959. Oratio de ardore **Title** Caspari Georgii Caroli Reinwardt *Oratio de ardore*, quo historiae naturalis, et inprimis botanices cultores in sua studia feruntur. Publice habita die x. junii, a. \[mdccci\] quum ordinariam chemiae, botanices et historiae naturalis professionem in Academia batava, quae est Hardervici, solemni ritu auspicaretur. Hardervici \[Harderwijk\] (apud Everardum Tyhoff,...) \[1801\]. Qu. **Abbreviated title**: *Oratio de ardore*. **Notes** *Publ*.: 10 Jun 1801, p. \[i-v\], \[1\]-56. *Copies*: G, KNAW, NY, PH, U. ##### n.8960. Rückkunft Reinwardts. Elenchus seminum **Title** *Rückkunft Reinwardts. Elenchus seminum*..., Isis 1: 309-319. 1823. **Notes** *Publ*.: See the discussion by v. Steenis in v. Steenis-Kruseman 1960 for the standing of the generic and specific names published in this article. v. Steenis is of the opinion that these names should not be dated from this publication; the great majority were duly published in the *Sylloge plantarum* 2: 1-15, late 1825 or Jan-Feb 1826. *Ref*.: Steenis-Kruseman, M. J. van, Fl. males. Bull. 14: 644. 1960. - Steenis, C.G.G. J. van, Fl. males. Bull. 4: 97-99. 1948 (on paper in Sylloge). ##### n.8961. Oratio de augmentis, quae historiae naturali ex Indiae investigatione accesserunt **Title** Caspari Georgii Caroli Reinwardt *Oratio de augmentis, quae historiae naturali ex Indiae investigatione accesserunt*, habita Leidae a.d. 3. maji mdcccxxiii. Quum in Academia Lugduno-Batava ordinariam chemiae, botanices, et historiae naturalis professionem solemniter auspicaretur \[Leiden 1823\]. Qu. **Abbreviated title**: *Oratio augm. hist. nat. Ind.* **Notes** *Publ*.: 3 Mai 1823, p. \[1\]-22. *Copy*: PH. *Dutch translation*: 1823, p. \[i-v\], \[1\]-72. *Copy*: U. – Redevoering van C.G.C. Reinwardt, over hetgeen het onderzoek van Indie tot uitbreiding der natuurlijke historie heeft toegebracht, gehouden den 3 Mei 1823, bij het plegtig aanvaarden van het gewoon Hoogleeraarsambt in de Scheikunde, Kruidkunde en Natuurlijke Historie aan de Hoogeschool te Leyden: uit het Latijn vertaald door M. Siegenbeek te Amsterdam, by Johannes van der Hey en Zoon. \[1823\]. Oct. ##### n.8962. Hepaticae javanicae **Title** *Hepaticae javanicae* editae conjunctis studiis et opera Reinwardti, Dr., Blumii, Dr., et Neesii ab Esenbeck, Dr., A.C.N.C.S.S. Nova Acta Academiae caec. L.C. Naturae Curios. vol. xii, p. i, p. 181-238. **Notes** *Co-authors*: Carl Ludwig Blume (1796-1862); Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck (1776-1858). *Publ*.: Jan-Jun 1825 (announced by Flora 7: 640. 28 Oct 1824; reviewed ib. 8: 385-400. 7 Jul 1825, 401-416. 14 Jul 1828, 417-429. 21 Jul 1825; there is no indication that the mention in Flora 28 Oct 1824 was more than a mere announcement), p. \[1\]-58 (parallel journal pagination: \[181\]-238. *Copies*: BR, FH, G, NY, U-V (tear sheets journal). – Reprinted and to be cited from Nova Acta Leop. 181-238. 1825. *Supplement*: Jan-Jun 1825 (id.), p. 59-68. ibid. 12(1): \[409\]-418. 1825. *Copies*: BR, FH, G, NY, U-V (tear sheets journal). ##### n.8963. Observatio de Mangiferae semine polyembryoneo **Title** *Observatio de Mangiferae semine polyembryoneo* \[Nova Acta Leopoldina 12. 1825\]. Qu. **Notes** *Publ*.: Jan-Jun 1825 (see above, Hepaticae javanicae), p. \[1\]-8. *Copy*: FI. – Reprinted and to be cited from Nova Acta Leop. 12: \[339\]-346. 1825. ##### n.8964. Musci frondosi javanici **Title** *Musci frondosi javanici*, reddidi conjunctis studiis et opera Reinwardt Dr., et Hornschuchii Dr. A.C.N.C.S.S. \[Nova Acta Leopoldina 14, 1828\]. Qu. **Notes** *Co-author*: Christian Friedrich Hornschuch (1793-1850). *Publ*.: 1828, p. \[6971-732, *pl. 39-41* (J. Sturm). *Copies*: FI, G, H, W. – Reprinted and to be cited from Nova Acta Leop. 14: \[697\]-732. 1828. ##### n.8965. Über den Charakter der Vegetation auf den Inseln des Indischen Archipels **Title** *Über den Charakter der Vegetation auf den Inseln des Indischen Archipels*. Vortrag, gehalten in der Versammlung deutscher Naturforscher und Ärzte in Berlin am 20sten September 1828... Berlin (gedruckt in der Druckerei der Königl. Akademie der Wissenschaften) 1828. Qu. **Abbreviated title**: *Charak. Veg. Ind. Arch.* **Notes** *Publ*.: 1828 (Linnaea Jan 1829), p. \[1\]-18, errata sheet. *Copies*: H, HH, M, NY, U. – See also Hertha 12: 489-503. 1828, and Isis, Oken 22: col. 296-306. 1829 for long extracts. – Note by H.C.D. de Wit (in SK 1(4): civ): "though one of the earliest... not one of the most successful attempts to... describe the vegetation of Malaysia in general". ##### n.8966. Enumeratio plantarum in horto Lugduno-Batavo coluntur **Title** *Enumeratio plantarum in horto Lugduno-Batavo coluntur* \[Leiden (Typis J.G. La Lau)\] 1831. Oct (in fours). **Abbreviated title**: *Enum. pl. hort. Lugd.-Bat.* **Notes** *Publ*.: 1831, p. \[i-iv\], \[1\]-87. *Copy*: BR. ##### n.8967. Over het eigenaardige en over de verspreiding der gewassen in de Magellaansche landen **Title** C.G.C. Reinwardt. *Over het eigenaardige en over de verspreiding der gewassen in de Magellaansche landen*. \[Tijdschr. Wis. nat. Wet. 2, 1849\]. Oct. **Notes** *Publ*.: 1849, p. \[33\]-47. *Copies*: REG, U. – Reprinted and to be cited from Tijdschr. wis. nat. Wet. 2: 33-47. 1849. See also Notiz. Nat. Heilk. 11: 193-201. 1849.