> [!cite] BHL link: this entry starts at [page 138](https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33266445) of TL-2 Suppl. III > Author links: [IPNI](https://www.ipni.org/a/1192-1) LSID 1192-1, [Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q155764) QID Q155764 > Support pages: [[Abbreviations|abbreviations]], [[Layout key|layout key]], [[Cite TL-2|cite TL-2]] > [!example] See also [[Brown, Robert|first entry]] for this author ### Author \* Brown, Robert (1773-1858), British botanist, Scotland (Argus) born, studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh, assistant surgeon with the Fife Fencibles in Ireland 1795-1822, visited J. Banks 1798, on the Beagle with Flinders to survey New Holland 1801-1805, librarian Linnean Society 1805-1822, id. of J. Banks 1810-1820, first keeper of the newly set-up Botany Department of the British Museum 1827, president Linnean Society 1849-1853. **Abbreviated name**: *R. Br.* \[standard form in IPNI: *R.Br.*\] #### Herbarium and types See TL-2/1: 364. – The following herbaria mention herbarium material collected by R. Brown: [[Collection AWH|AWH]], [[Collection B|B]], [[Collection BM|BM]], [[Collection BR|BR]], [[Collection C|C]], [[Collection CANB|CANB]], [[Collection CWU|CW]], [[Collection DBN|DBN]] (Irish specimens, before 1801), [[Collection E|E]], [[Collection F|F]], [[Collection FI|FI]], [[Collection G|G]], [[Collection G|G]]-DC, [[Collection K|K]] (2nd set), [[Collection LE|LE]] (impt. set), [[Collection LINN|LINN]], [[Collection LIV|LIV]], [[Collection M|M]], [[Collection MEL|MEL]], [[Collection MO|MO]], [[Collection NSW|NSW]], [[Collection NY|NY]], [[Collection P|P]] (1000), [[Collection P|P]]-Ju, [[Collection PH|PH]], [[Collection S|S]], [[Collection SBT|SBT]], [[Collection W|W]] (orchids, orig.), [[Collection WELT|WELT]]. #### Bibliography and biography AG 2(2): 224, 4: 764; Ainsworth p. 121, 301; Backer p. 86; Barnhart 1: 263; BB p. 48-49; BL 2: 295; BM 1: 135, 260-261, 6: 146-147; Bossert p. 55; Bret. p. 191; Clokie p. 140; CSP 1: 660-661, 7: 279, 12: 127, 13: 848; Dawson p. 172-174, suppl. 45-46; Desmond p. 96 (q.v. for further refs.); De Toni 1: xviii, 2: xvi; DNB 8: 25b-27b, DSB 2: 516-522 (Stearn); Frank 3(Anh.): p. 15; GR p. 369, *pl*. \[*33*\]; GR, cat. p. 61; Hortus 3: 1189; IF p. 648, 684, suppl. 1:76; IH 2: 101; Jackson p. 527 (index); Kew 1: 395-396; KR p. 106-107; Langman p. 164; Lasègue p. 565 (index); MD p. 68-69; Moebius p. 448 (index); Morren ed. 2, p. 23, ed. 10, p. 72; MW p. 55-56; PR 2, 61, 78, 498, 1213-1250, 2958, 8559, 9952, ed. 1: 1357-1384; Quenstedt p. 62; Ratzeburg p. 87-89; Rehder 5(index): 127; RS p. 76; SBC p. 117; SK 1: 83-84, clviii, 4(2): lxxxix, 5: cclxv, 8: xvii; TL-1: 54-56; TL-2/1: 364-369 and see indexes; Tucker 1: 116-117, 767; Zander ed. 10, p. 639, ed. 11, p. 726. #### Biofile - Agardh, C.A., Flora 16(2): 535-542. 1833. - Allan, D.A., Handb. guide herb. coll. publ. Mus. Liverpool 19-21. 1935 (1200 Brit. flow. pl. at LIV). - Anon., Flora 15(2): 480. 1832 (doctor of civil law, Oxford); ÖBZ 11: 176. 1861 ("Das Herbarium R. Brown's ist von Turczaninow angekauft worden"); J. Bot. 43: 124. 1905 (on R. Br's herb.); Australasian Herb. News 7: 5-6. 1950 (mss. at BM); Musées de Genève 123: 10. 1972 (portr.); Orchid. Rev. 82(967): viii. 1974 (×*Brownara* hort.); The manuscript papers of British scientists 1600-1940. 13. 1982. - Ardagh, Portraits and memoirs of Robert Brown. London 1928. - Baines, J.A., Vict. Natural. 90: 123. 1973 (on *Brunonia* eponym for R. Br.). - Balfour, I.B., Trans. bot. Soc. Edinburgh 6: 119-128. 1858 (obit.). - Barnhart, J.H., Mem. Torrey bot. Club 16: 290. 1921. - Bates, R., Native Orchid Soc. S. Austral. J. 8(3): 29. 1984. - Bell and J.J. Bennett, Bot. Zeit. 18: 326-328. 1860. - Berton, Monde des plantes 50(315): 2. 1955. - Blake, S.T., Proc. Roy. Soc. Queensland 66(1): 1-19. 1955 (bibl.). - Bridson, G.D.R. et al., Nat. hist. mss. res. Brit. Isl. 388 (index). 1980 (11 institutions listed having R. Br. mss.). - Briggs, B.G., Austral. syst. bot. Soc. Newsletter 31: 5-6. 1982 (Robert Brown Building at NSW). - Britten, J., J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 45: 48-49. 1920 (on R. Br. at the Cape); J. Bot. 60: 177-184. 1922 (R. Br. and the Monthly Mag.). - Brown, M.F., The Linnean 4(3): 38-43. 1988. - Burbidge, N.T., Australasian Herb. News 10: 6-7. 1952 (on mss.); Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. 80: 229-233. 1956 (coll. local.); Austral. Dict. Biogr. 1: 166-167. 1966. - Burton, C.M., Hoyan 1(1): 11-12. 1979 (Cameo portr.). - Candolle, A.P. de, Mémoires et souvenirs 163, 267, 411, 454. 1862. - Carr, D.J. and S.G.M. Carr, People and plants in Australia 406 (index, numerous entries). 1981. - Carruthers, W., J. Bot. 14: 97-105. 1876, 34: 26-29. 1896 (The Robert Brown memorial). - Carter, H.B., Sir Joseph Banks and the plant collection from Kew sent to the Empress Catherine II of Russia 1795. 34, 85-86. 1974. - Clarkson, J., Austral. syst. bot. Soc. Newsletter 57: 5-7. 1988 (caution R. Br's Austral. coll. localities). - Coats, A.M., The plant hunters 386 (index). 1969. - Costantin, J., Ann. Sci. nat. Bot. ser. 10. 16: ci-cii. 1935. - Dawson, W.R., The Smith papers 20. 1934 (14 letters to J.E. Smith). - De Beer, G., The sciences were never at war 112f, 115, 157. 1950. - Dennis, R.W.G., Kew Bull. 31(2): 289. 1976 (Scottish microfungi at K). - Diels, L., Die Pflanzenwelt von Westaustralien 1906 (see p. 44-46 for R. Br.). - Dixon, P., Brit. phycol. Bull. 7: 39-41. 1959 (see sub J. Lightfoot in TL-2/3: 15, herbarium). - Dolezal, H., Friedrich Welwitsch 233 (index). 1974. - Dupree, A.N., Asa Gray 482 (index). 1959. - Edey, M.A. and D.C. Johanson, Blue prints solving the mystery of evolution 92-93, 437. 1989. - Edwards, Ph.I., J. Soc. Bibl. nat. Hist. 7(4): 385-407. 1976 (R. Br. and the nat. hist. on his voyage 1801-1805). - Forbes, R.J. ed., Martinus van Marum 3: 164, 169, 171. 1971. - Fournier, E., *in* H.E. Baillon, Dict. bot. 1: 501-502. 1878. - Fürnrohr, H., Flora 41: 438-440. 1858. - Farmer, D. *in* D. Oliver, Makers Brit. Bot. 108-125. 1913. - Gay, J., Bull. Soc. bot. France 5: 246-248, 325-326. 1858 (obit.). - Genkel, Akad. Nauk SSSR, Izv., ser. Biol. 24(1): 139-143. 1959. - Gilbert, L., The Royal botanic gardens Sydney 36, 50, 74, 87, 126. 1988. - Gilmour, J., Brit. botanists 32-34. 1944. - Goulding, J.H., Rec. Auckland Inst. Mus. 12: 96, 99. 1975 (herb. label of R. Br.). - Gray, A., Sci. Pap. 2: 283-288. 1889; Letters 2: 830 (index). 1895. - Greenwood, E.F., Proc. Bot. Soc. Br. Isl. 7(2): 171. 1968 (among herb. at BM 1900 specimens from R. Br. from Chester). - Groves, E.W. and D.T. Moore, Austral. syst. bot. Soc. Newsletter 49: 4-5. 1986 (first listing pl. coll. by R. Br. 1801-1805). - Gunn, M. and L.E. Codd, Bot. Expl. S. Africa 105. 1981. - Gunther, A.E., The founders of science at the British Museum 1980 (see index). - Hall, W., Botany of the Eucalypts 28-29. 1978. - Hansen, A., Bocagiana 51: 4. 1980 (bot. coll. Madeira R. Br., used by L. von Buch). - Hatch, E.D., Newsl. Auckland Bot. Soc. 38(1): 13-14. 1983 (on R. Br. and the *Corybas *controversy). - Healey, B.J., The plant hunters 82. 1975. - Heberle, R., Native Orchid Soc. S. Austral. J. 7(8): 72. 1983 (terr. orchids). - Högrell, B., Botanikens Historia 1: 236-237. 1886. - Hooker, J.D., Proc. Linn. Soc. 1887/8: 54-67. 1890. - Hooker, W.J., Kew J. Bot. 2: 61. 1850. - Huxley, L., Life letters Hooker 2: 524-525 (index). 1918. - Ilg, W., Hoppea 42: 34, 36, 63, 242, 263. 1984. - Jessen, K.F.W., Bot. Gegenw. Vorz. 476 (index). 1884. - Jussieu, Adr. de, Arch. Bot. Guillemin 1: 381-384. 1833 (election R. Br. to Institut de France, with facsimile of letter). - Kent., D.H., Brit. herb. 46. 1957. - Kent, D.H. and D.E. Allen, Brit. and Irish herb. 104. 1985. - Kerr, Austral. Orch. Rev. 29(3): 16-19, 124-127. 1964. - Lack, E., Die Abenteuer des Sir Joseph Banks 1743-1820. 82-84, 93, 95. 1985. - Lamb, G.F., J. Franklin happy voyager 39, 242, 272. 1956. - Lefebvre, E. and J.G. de Bruyn, Martinus van Marum 6: 55-59. 1976 (corr. R. Br. with Marum). - Leroy, J.F. et al., Bot. franç. Amér. nord 66, 67, 79, 80. 1957. - Lett, H.W., Proc. R. Irish Acad. 32-B7: 69. 1915 (R. Br. coll. Mosses in Ireland). - Mabberley, D.J., Bot. Macaronesia 6: 53-66. 1980; Jupiter Botanicus. Robert Brown of the British Museum. Braunschweig and London 1985 (major update account; see also review R. Schmid, Taxon 35: 909-910. 1986); Arch. nat. Hist. 13(3): 307-312. 1986 (on *Pterocymbium*). - Mägdefrau, K., Gesch. Bot. 309 (index). 1973. - Maiden, J.H., J. Proc. Roy. Soc. N.S.W. 42: 65-66. 1908; J. W. Austral. nat. Hist. Soc. 6: 29. 1909; J. R. Soc. Tasmania 1909: 5; Life of Sir Joseph Banks 240 (index). 1909. - Martius, C.F.P. von, Flora 42: 10-15, 25-31. 1859 (also independent reprint 1859, p. 1-12; obit.); \[English text:\] Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. ser. 3. 3: 321-331. 1859; Almanach k. Akad. Wien 1859(2): 140-148; Akad. Denkreden 365-381. 1866. - Milner, J.D., Cat. portr. Kew 20. 1906. - Morren, E., Prologue consacré à la mémoire de Robert Brown, Gand \[Gent\] 1858, 12 p. (copy at G). - Mozley, M., A guide to the manuscript records of Australian science 22-23. 1966. - M.C., Gard. Chron. ser. 3. 117: 136-137. 1945. - O'Brian, P., Joseph Banks 251, 269, 271, 276, 278, 281. 1987. - Osborn, T.G.B., Austral. J. Sci. 21(5): 127-130. 1958. - Powell, M. and B. Morley, Irish Nat. J. 18(5): 161-162. 1975 (McNab's coll. of R. Br. herb. specim.); Contrib. Natl. Bot. Gard. Glasnevin 1: 12-39. 1976 (R. Br. mat. at DBN). - Ramsbottom, J., J. Bot. 70: 13-16. 1932 (centenary of R. Br's disc. of nucleus). - Ramsbottom, J. et al., Proc. Linn. Soc. 144: 17-54. 1932 (portr.). - Ratzeburg, J.T.C., Forstwiss. Schriftsteller-Lexikon 87-89. 1874. - Rehbock, P.F., The philosophical naturalists 75, 120. 1983. - Reichenbach, H.G., Bot. Zeit. 20(27): 216. 1862 (on R. Br's grave). - Reynolds Green, J., Hist. Bot. 309-335. 1914. - Rourke, J.P., J. S. Afr. Bot. 40(1): 47-60. 1974 (R. Br. at the Cape, portr., map). - Sachs, J., Gesch. Bot. 150-155 and see index. 1875. - Salkin, A.I., Victorian Nat. 98(5): 191-194. 1981. - Sayre, G., Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 19(3): 301. 1975 (herb. mat.). - Schmid, G., Goethe u. d. Naturwiss. 251. 1900; Chamisso als Naturforscher 166. 1942. - Schofield, E.K., Brittonia 30(3): 404. 1987 (Australian material at NY): - Seemann, B., Bonplandia 6(12): 223-226, 334. 1858 (obit.), 7(1): 1-2. 1859 (d. 10 Jun 1858), 7(1): 10. 1859 (monument). - Sinnott, N.H., Freethinker, London 89: 348-349. 1969. - Sirks, M.J., Indisch Natuuronderzoek 82. 1915. - Smit, P. and R.J.Ch.V. ter Laage, eds, Essays in biohistory 415 (7 refs.). 1970. - Smith, J. Proc. W. Austral. hist. Soc. 4(5): 62-63. 1953; European vision and the South Pacific 276 (index). 1960. - Stafleu, F.A., Miquel-Schlechtendal corresp., Regn. Veg. 71: 312, 338. 1970; Linnaeus and the Linnaeans 368 (index). 1971; Taxon 21: 104. 1972 (portr. caption). - Stearn, W.T., Nat. Hist. Mus. S. Kensington 398 (index). 1981, see also Introduction to facs. ed. of R. Br., Prodromus, Weinheim 1960; Taxon 10: 237-238. 1961; Encycl. Brit. ed. 15. 1: 331-333. 1974; Brunonia 1: 1-7. 1977. - Stearn, W.T. and W. Blunt, The Australian flower paintings of Ferd. Bauer, London 1976. - Steinberg, C.H., Webbia 32(1): 19, 20. 1977 (handwriting). - Stieber, M.T. et al., Huntia 4(1): 67-68. 1981 (letters at HU). - St. John, H., Pacific Sci. 22(3): 412-421. 1968 (Austral. sp. Pandanus). - Szyfman, L., Jean-Baptiste Lamarck 149. 1982. - Vallance, T.G., Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. 112(1-4): 49-86. 1990 (portr.). - W.C., J. Bot. 1: 32. 1863 (tablet comm. R. Br. at Royal Society, London). - Weddell, H.A., Bull. Soc. bot. France 19(C.R.): 214-222. 1872 (publ. of an early publ., Histoire botanique de Comté d'Angus by R. Br.). - White, A. and B.L. Sloane, The Stapelieae ed. 1. 203 (index). 1933, ed. 2. 16 (index). 1937. - Whitley, J. Proc. R. Austral. Hist. Soc. 9(5): 300-301. 1933. - Willis, Vict. Naturalist 66(5): 83-84. 1949. - Wittrock, V.B., Acta Horti Berg. 3(2): 90. 1903, 3(5): 76, 209. 1905 (portr.). - Woodward, B.B., *in* Hist. coll. nat. hist. Depts. Brit. Mus. 1: 31. 1904. - Woolls, W., Progr. bot. disc. Australia 11 (and further entries). 1869. ### Publications ##### n.23.231. Genera **Title** *Genera* et *species Cruciferarum* ex G.T. Aiton horti kewensis editione secunda, excerpta... Hortus Kewensis... \[1812\]. Oct. **Notes** *Publ*.: Dec 1812 (date according to TL-2/1: 26), p. \[1\]-76. *Copy*: NY. – Reprinted and to be cited from Hortus Kewensis 4: 71-130. 1812. ##### n.23.232. Genera **Title** *Genera* et *species plantarum orchidearum*, quae in Horto Kewensi coluntur... Hortus Kewensis... \[1813\]. Oct. **Notes** *Publ*.: Nov 1813 (date according to TL-2/1: 26), p. \[1\]-52. *Copy*: NY. – Reprinted and to be cited from Hortus Kewensis 5: 188-222. 1813. ##### n.23.233. new genus **Title** An account of a *new genus* of plants, named *Rafflesia*... \[Transactions Linnean Society, London 1821\]. Qu. **Notes** *Publ*.: 23 Mai-21 Jun 1821 (fide S. Raphael, Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 2: 75. 1970; p. 201-228 read 30 Jun 1820, 228-234, read 22 Nov 1820), p. 201-234, *pl. 15-22* (*15* col., *16-22* uncol., copper engr.). *Copy*: L. – Reprinted and to be cited from Trans. Linn. Soc. London 13(1): 201-234. 1821. – See ING 3: 1481. 1979. ##### n.23.234. brief account of microscopical observations **Title** A *brief account of microscopical observations* made in the months of June-July, and August, 1827, on the particles contained in the pollen of plants; and on the general existence of active molecules in organic and inorganic bodies... \[not published\], \[London (Printed by Richard Taylor,...) 1828\]. Oct. **Abbreviated title**: *Brief acc. microsc. obs.* **Notes** *Publ*.: 1828 (p. 16 dated 30 Jul 1828), p. \[1\]-16. *Copy*: G. – First account of the "Brownian movement". *Reprint*: Edinburgh New Philos. J. 5: 358-371. 1828. Same text; for further publication in various journals see CSP 1: 660. ##### n.23.235. Obs. organs fecund. Orch. Asclep. **Title** *Observations on the organs and mode of fecundation in Orchideae and Asclepiadeae *... London \[Printed by Richard Taylor\] 1831. Oct. **Abbreviated title**: *Obs. organs fecund. Orch. Asclep.* **Notes** *Publ*.: 24-31 Oct 1831 (date on t.p.; p. 36: 24 Oct 1831, privately printed), p. \[1\]-36. *Copies*: B, U. *Additional remarks on the pollen mass in Asclepiadeae*, s.l.s.d., p. \[1\]-2. *Copies*: B, U. *Journal issue*: Trans. Linn. Soc. 16: 685-746. Nov 1833 (additional remarks included). – See also BM 1: 261. *Further reprinting*: Flora 15: 353-360, 378-382, 672-678. 1832. *Supplemetary observations on the fecunding of Orchideae and Asclepiadeae*... \[London... 1833\]. Oct., p. \[1\]-4. *Copies*: G, L. – Independent pamphlet, text finished 31 Jul 1833, see p. 4. ##### n.23.236. Remarks on **Title** *Remarks on* the structure and affinity of *Cephalotus*... From the London and Edinburgh Philosophical Magazine... \[1832\]. Oct. **Notes** *Publ*.: Oct-Dec 1832 (p. 318: 25 Sep 1832), p. \[315\]-318. *Copy*: G. – Reprinted and to be cited from the London and Edinburgh Philos. Mag. 1: 315-318. 1832. ##### n.23.237. On the female flower and fruit of Rafflesia Arnoldi **Title** *On the female flower and fruit of Rafflesia Arnoldi* and on Hydnora africana... London (printed by Richard and John E. Taylor,...) 1844. Qu. **Notes** *Publ*.: 6 Nov 1844 (fide S. Raphael, Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 2: 75. 1970, read June 17th, 1834 sic!, published in journal 1844), p. \[i-ii\], 1-27, *pl. 1-9* (uncol. liths.). *Copy*: L. – Reprinted and to be cited from Trans. Linn. Soc. 19(3): 221-247, *pl. 1-9.* 1844 (title in Transactions: "Description of the female flower and fruit of Rafflesia Arnoldi, with remarks on its affinities; and an illustration of the structure of Hydnora africana"). ##### n.23.238. monograph of **Title** A *monograph of* the Coniferous genus *Thuja*, Linn., and of the North American species of the genus Libocedrus Endl.... \[Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinburgh... 1868\]. Oct. **Notes** *Publ*.: 1868, p. \[358\]-378. *Copy*: G. – Reprinted (without identification) and to be cited from Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinburgh 9: 358-378. 1868. ##### n.23.239. Descriptions of **Title** *Descriptions of* some new or little-known species of *Oaks from North-West America *... From the Annals and Magazine of Natural History... 1871. Oct. **Notes** *Publ*.: Apr 1871 (in journal), p. \[1\]-8. *Copy*: B. – Reprinted and to be cited from Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 7: 249-256. 1871.