> [!cite] BHL link: this entry starts at [page 655](https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33355742) of TL-2 Vol. III > Author links: [IPNI](https://www.ipni.org/a/6756-1) LSID 6756-1, [Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q588256) QID Q588256 > Support pages: [[Abbreviations|abbreviations]], [[Layout key|layout key]], [[Cite TL-2|cite TL-2]] ### Author Muhlenberg, Rev. Gotthilf Henry Ernest (1753-1815) (Mühlenberg), American botanist, native of Pennsylvania; educated in Germany (1763-1770), Lutheran clergyman at Lancaster, Pa. 1780-1815. **Abbreviated name**: *Muhl.* \[standard form in IPNI: *Muhl.*\] #### Herbarium and types [[Collection PH|PH]]; a separate collection; duplicates [[Collection B|B]], [[Collection LIV|LIV]], [[Collection M|M]], [[Collection MO|MO]]. Ferns at [[Collection B|B]]-Willdenow. See also Mears 1978. #### Name We follow Merrill and Hu (1949) in accepting Muhlenberg as the correct orthography. M's father adopted the anglicized form Henry Melchior Muhlenberg for the original Heinrich Melchior Mühlenberg. His son invariably used the anglicized form; all letters seen by Merrill and Hu are signed merely as H. Muhlenberg. #### Bibliography and biography AG 2(1): 156, 4: 533; Backer p. 382; Barnhart 2: 523; BB p. 223; BM 3: 1364; Bossert p. 276; CSP 4: 503; DAB; Desmond p. 454; Dryander 3: 185; Frank 3(Anh.): 68;GR p. 194, *pl*. \[*43*\], cat. p. 68; Hawksworth p. 184; Herder p. 225, 276; Hortus 3: 1200 ("Muhlenb."); Jackson p. 584; Kew 4: 75; Langman p. 528; Lasègue p. 319; Lenley p. 301; LS 18408-18410; ME 1: 214, 3: 629 \[index\]; Pennell p. 614; PH 129, 364; PR 6503-6504 (ed. 1: 7261-7262); Rehder 5: 595; SBC p. 127 ("Muhl."); SO add. 802f, add. 802g; SK 1: cciii; Stevenson p. 1252; SY p. 45; TL-1/900-901, 1245; TL-2/910, 1234, 3826, see index; Tucker 1: 503, 506-507; Urban-Berl. p. 377, 415; Zander ed. 10, p. 695, ed. 11, p. 793. - Allibone, S. A., Crit. dict. Engl. lit. 1384. 1870. - Anon., J. Bot. 19: 286. 1881. - Barnhart, J. H., Torreya 9: 249. 1909; Mem. Torrey bot. Club 16: 297. 1921 (corr. Schweinitz-Torrey); Bartonia 16: 31. 1934 (corr. Schweinitz). - Beck, H. H., Castanea 3(4): 41-53. 1938 (portr.); Pap. Lancaster Co. Hist. Soc. 32: 99-107. 1928. - Burk, W. R., Bibl. N. Amer. Phall. 131. 1980. - Britton, E. G., Bull. Torrey bot. Club 25: 519-520. 1898 (on M's mosses). - Candolle, Alph. de, Phytographie 435. 1880 (herb. PH). - Crowley, W. R., Morton Arbor. Quart. 12: 44-45. 1976. - Darlington, W., Reliq. Baldwinianae 179, 466. 1843 (corresp.). - Dawson, W. R., Smith papers 70-71. 1954 (corr. with J. E. Smith). - Ewan, J., *in* F. Pursh, Fl. Amer. sept. facs. repr. 1979, intr. p. 22-23. - Ewan, J. et al., Short hist. bot. U.S. 41, 89, 90. 1969. - Ewan, J. et N., John Banister 8, 143. 1970. - Gambold, Mrs., Amer. J. Sci. 3: 245. 1819 (note on mss.). - Goode, G. B., Ann. Rep. Smithson. Inst. 1897 (U.S. natl. Mus. 2): 417-418. 1901. - Graustein, J. E., Thomas Nutall 472 \[index\]. 1967. - Gray, J. L., Letters Asa Gray 2: 685. 1893. - Groff, H. K., Bartonia 23: 47. 1945 (no specimens left at Lancaster, Pa.). - Harshberger, J. W. C., Bot. Philadelphia 92-97, 449. 1899 (portr.). - Heller, A. A., Muhlenbergia 4(5): 70-73. 1908. - Hitchcock, A. S. & A. Chase, Man. grass. U.S. 987. 1951 (epon.). - Hitchcock, C. L., Bartonia 14: 27-52. 1932 (grasses of M.). - Hudspeth, K., Mentzelia 2: 16-17. 1976 (on the journal Muhlenbergia). - Humphrey, H. B., Makers of North American Botany 185-186. 1961. - Kendig, J. W., Bartonia 46: 45-48. 1979 (portr., *Quercus Muhlenbergii*). - Laundon, J. R., Lichenologist 11: 14. 1979 (lich. PH). - Lawrence, G. H. M., Huntia 1: 164. 1964 (letters at HU). - Maisch, J. M., Pharmaceutische Rundschau 4: 119-129. Jun 1886, (repr. New York, 36 p.), see also Pop. Sci. Monthly 45(5): 689-698. 1884 and in W. J. Youmans, ed., Pioneers of Science in America 58-70. 1896. - Mears, J. A., Proc. Amer, philos. Soc. 122(3): 155-174. 1978 (sources of M's herbarium; extensive info, on herb, at PH). - Merrill, E. D. and Hu, S. Y., Bartonia 25: 1-66. 1949 (bibl., review of publ., unlisted binomials). - Pennell, Bartonia 21: 40-42. 1942; Proc. Amer, philos. Soc. 94: 138-139. 1950. - Porter, T. C., Proc. Pennsylv.-German Soc. 6: 3-6. 1896 (portr.). - Rafinesque, C. S., Amer, monthly Mag. 2: 143-144. Dec 1817. - Redfield, J. H., Bull. Torrey bot. Club 8: 80-81. 1881 (herb, at PH, rd. 1816). - Reichmann, F., The Muhlenberg family 1-43. 1943. - Rodgers, A. D., William Starling Sullivant 352 \[index\], 1940; John Torrey 14, 27, 37, 119. 1942. - Rogers, D. P., Brief hist. mycol. N. Amer. 6. 1977. - Sargent, C. S., Silva 2: 56: 1891. - Sayre, G., Bryologist 80: 514. 1977. - Schuyler, A. E., Morris Arbor. Bull. 24(2): 28-34. 1973 (portr.). - Scribner, F. L. and Merrill, E. D., Circ. U.S. Dept. Agr. (Div. Agrost.) 27: 1-6. 4 Dec 1900 (on M's grasses). - Smith, C. Earle, Bartonia 28: 5-10, 28. 1957; Proc. Amer, philos. Soc. 106: 443-460. 1962 (portr.). - Stafleu, F. A., *in* Daniels and Stafleu, Taxon 21: 658. 1972 (portr.). - Steere, W. C., Bot. Rev. 43: 292. 1977. - Stuckey, R. L., Taxon 20: 444. 1971. - Wallace, Proc. Amer, philos. Soc. 92: 108-110. 1948, 93: 119-126. 1949; The Muhlenbergs of Pennsylvania 46, 308-319. (n.v.). - Wherry, E. A., Amer. Fern. J. 36: 54-58. 1946. - Wittrock, V. B., Acta Horti Berg. 3(3): 199. 1905. - Youmans, W. J., Pioneers of science in America 58-70. 1896. #### Handwriting Bartonia 28: *pl. 6*. 1957; Proc. Amer, philos. Soc. 106(5): 444, 449, 450. 1962, 122(3): 164 (fig. 5), 166 (fig. 7, bottom). #### Eponymy (genus) *Muhlenbergia* Schreber (1789); (journal): *Muhlenbergia*, a journai of botany. Los Gatos, Cal. Vol. 1-9. 1900-1915. ### Publications ##### n.6536. Catalogus plantarum Americae septentrionalis **Title** *Catalogus plantarum Americae septentrionalis*, hucusque cognitarum indigenarum et cicurum: or, a catalogue of the hitherto known native and naturalized plants of North Americä, arranged according to the sexual system of Linnaeus... Lancaster (printed by William Hamilton) 1813. Oct. (in fours). **Abbreviated title**: *Cat. pl. Amer. sept.* **Notes** *Ed. 1*: late Sep or early Oct 1813 (TL-1), p. \[i\]-iv, \[1\]-112. *Copies*: G, MO, NY, US, USDA; IDC 6088. *Ed. 2*: 1818 (deposited 27 Feb 1818), p. \[i\]-iv, \[1\]-122. *Copies*: G, H, MO, NY, US –"Second edition, corrected and enlarged," (published by Solomon W. Conrad,...) Oct. (in fours). "There is much confusion in entries as between the original edition of 1813 and the second one of 1818, a peculiarly high percentage of entries in "Index kewensis" being to the second edition rather than to the original one of 1813" (Merrill & Hu, 1949). – For a "reduction" of the genera to A.L.de Jussieu's system see Corrêa da Serra, *Redact, gen. cat. pl. Amer*. 1815, TL-2/1234. ##### n.6537. Descriptio uberior graminum **Title** *Descriptio uberior graminum* et plantarum calamariarum Americae septentrionalis indigenarum et cicurum... Philadelphiae (Impensis Solomon W. Conrad,...) 1817. Oct. (in fours). **Abbreviated title**: *Descr. gram.* **Notes** *Publ*.: Jul-Nov 1817 (p. ii: Jul 1816; see Merrill and Hu 1949), p. \[i\*-ii\*\], \[i\]-ii, \[1\]-295. *Copies*: FI, H, L, M, MO, NY, US(2), USDA. – See Rafinesque (1817) for a review and Merrill and Hu (1949) for an extensive commentary. *Ref*.: Rafinesque, C. S., Am. monthly Mag. crit. Rev. 2: 143-144. Dec 1817. - Lubrecht, H., Early Amer. bot. Works 1967 (no. 100). ##### n.6538. Über die nordamerikanischen Weiden **Title** *Über die nordamerikanischen Weiden*, Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin Neue Schr. 4 (no. 14): 233-242. 1803. **Notes** *Co-author*: Carl Ludwig Willdenow (1765-1812). *Publ*.: after 3 Mai 1803, probably late 1803 or early 1804. *Ref*.: Konig, C. et J. Sims, Ann. Bot. 2: 62-69. 1806. - Fernald, M. L., Rhodora 48: 13-14. 1946.