> [!cite] BHL link: this entry starts at [page 354](https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33265081) of TL-2 Suppl. I > Author links: [IPNI](https://www.ipni.org/a/519-1) LSID 519-1, [Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q528476) QID Q528476 > Support pages: [[Abbreviations|abbreviations]], [[Layout key|layout key]], [[Cite TL-2|cite TL-2]] > [!example] See also [[Bartram, John|first entry]] for this author ### Author \* Bartram, John (1699-1777), American pioneer botanist, bought a farm on the Schuylkill River at Kingsessing, Pa. 1728, laid out a botanical garden on the farm 1730, supplied plants and seeds to Peter Collinson thus introducing many new species into Europe, travelled and collected along the Schuylkill river 1736 and Blue Mts., Pa. (1735?), Virginia and Delaware 1737, travelled to Virginia and the Blue Ridge 1738, from 1742 professional collector of plant material of Pennsylvania and surroundings, liberal Quaker, disowed by the Friends 1757, travelled along the Ohio river and in W. Virginia 1761, appointed King's botanist 1765, in Florida (on his last trip) with his son William ca. 1765. **Abbreviated name**: *J. Bartram* \[standard form in IPNI: *Bartram*\] #### Herbarium and types See TL-2/1: 131. − See also B.D. Jackson (1922) for a reference to some herbarium specimens in [[Collection LINN|LINN]], see also d'Arcy for id. in [[Collection MO|MO]] (Bernardi herb.), for material at [[Collection PH|PH]] see J. Mears 1983. #### Bibliography and biography Backer p. 57; Barnhart 1: 133 (standard refs.); BB p. 22-23; BM 1: 105, 6: 62; Clokie p. 126-127; CSP 1: 486-488 (by W.J. Bell, Jr., b. 23 Mai 1699, Marpla, Pa., d. 22 Sep 1777, Kingsessing, Pa., gen. biogr.); Desmond p. 44 (many sources listed); DSB 1: 486-488; HU \[index vol. 2\]; IH 2: 58; Kew 1: 173; Lasègue p. 459; ME 1: 163, 3: 535, 724-725; PR p. 15, ed. 1: 529; TL-2/1: 131-132 and see indexes); Tucker 1: 61-62. #### Biofile - Abbot. E.O., Bartram's Garden, Philadelphia, Pa., John Bartram Association, \[Philadelphia\], Mar 1904, re-issued 1915 (rev. Anon., J. Bot. 53: 254-255. 1915). - Anon., An account of the Bartram Garden Philadelphia in "The Horticulturist" in 1850, revised and corrected by the author... 1931 (reprint from unknown journal at K); Two hundredth Anniversary of the founding of the first botanic garden in the American colonies by John Bartram... Philadelphia (Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia). 1931, 14 p. (annotated); Medicine in colonial Massachusetts 1620-1820. 272, 283, 284, 285. 1980. - D'Arcy, W.G., Missouri Bot. Gard. Bull. 59(1): 24. 1971 (some herbarium specimens attr. to B. in MO (Bernardi)). - Barber, L., The heyday of natural history 89, 196. 1980. - Barnhart, J.H., J. New York Bot. Gard. 22: 127. 1921, 24: 151. 1923, 29: 150. 1928 (biogr. info.); Bartonia 12 (special issue): 24-34, 35-37. 1931 (statement quoted in which B. explains that his work as a farmer led him to botany: "many years tilling the earth and destroying so many flowers and plants, without being acquainted with their structures and their uses..."), 51-67. 1931 (bibl. of B. and a list of publ. relating to John and William Bartram and the Bartram Garden; numerous items not included in our treatment). - Bartram, W., Philadelphia med. phys. J. 1(1): 115-124. 1805 (obit. by J. Bartram's son). - Berkeley, E. and D.S. Berkeley, Dr. Alexander Garden 371 \[index\]. 1969; Dr. John Mitchell \[index, numerous entries\]. 1974; The life and travels of John Bartram from Lake Ontario to the River St. John, Univ. Presses Florida, Tallahasee 1982, xv, 376 p. - Blunt, W., The Compleat Naturalist 114. 1971. - Bonta, M., Amer. Horticulturist 64(12): 24-29. 1985. - Brett-James, N.T., John Bartram and his botanic garden (p. 75-76). 1931 (reprint from unknown journal at K). - Bridson, G.D.R. et al., Nat. hist. mss. res. Brit. Isl. 229.15, 229.269, 255.44, 264.9, 278.4. 1980 (mss. holdings in Brit. Isl.). - Britten, J., J. Bot. 44: 213-214. 1906 (B's travels). - Buck, W.R. and E.P. McLean, Bartonia 51: 17-33. 1985 ("Mosses" in Lord Petre's herb. coll. by B.). - Carpenter, M.M., Amer. Midl. Natural. 6: 1945 (index). - Cheston, E.R., John Bartram 1699-1777. His garden and his house. − William Bartram 1739-1823, 36 p. \[Philadelphia\]. 1938 (ed. 2. 1953). - Coats, A.M., The plant hunters 273-276, 278-280, 285, 292, 305. 1969. - Crowley, W.R., Jr., Morton Arbor. Quart. 12(3): 40-44. 1976 (Early American in plant names). - Dandy, J.E., The Sloane herbarium 88-89. 1958. - Darlington, W., Reliq. Baldw. 169, 278. 1843; Memorials 35-37 (biogr.), 509, 580, xxxi \[letters\]. 1849, Memorials of John Bartram and Humphrey Marshall. Philadelphia 1849 (see also J. Ewan, J. Soc. Bibl. nat. Hist. 3(5): 263-272. 1957, W.D. Hooker, Kew J. Bot. 2: 62-64). - Davis, R.B., Intellectual life in the colonial South 1585-1763. 1: 1754 (index). 1978. - De Beer, G., The sciences were never at war 10 f., 13. 1906. - Druce, G.C., Account herb. Oxford 9. 1897; (with Vines): The Dillenian herbaria 1907. - Earnest, E., John and William Bartram, botanists and explorers. Philadelphia 1940. - Elman, R., First in the field 2, 12, 26-47. 1977. - Ewan, J., Introduction to facs. ed. W. Darlington, Memorials of John Bartram and Humphry Marshall 1849 (contains much information on B. as a botanist, chronology). - Ewan, J. et E., John Banister 8, 57, 167, 175, 367, 391. 1970. - Ewan, J. et al., Short hist. bot. U.S. 161 \[indexes, numerous entries\]. 1969. - Fagin, N.B., William Bartram 218 \[index\]. 1933. - Fisher, J., The origin of garden plants 135-141, 195. 1982. - Fletcher, H.R., Story R. Hort. Soc. 1804-1968. 8, 11. 1969. - Fletcher, S.W., John Bartram, Farmer-Botanist. The John Bartram Association, Philadelphia, Penn. s.d. (ca. 1965), 16 p. *Copy*: Ewan. - Fogg, J.M., Jr., Morris Arb. Bull. 18: 75-81. 1967 (a list of B's trees and shrubs). - Fose, R.H., Friend's Quart. Examiner 1915: 145-153. - Fox, R.H., Dr. John Fothergill 22, 157, 185, 366. 1919. - Franklin, W., Discoverers, explorers, settlers 24 \[index\]. 1979. - Fries, Th.M., Bref Skrifv. Linné 1(3): 195. 1909, 1(5): 159. 1911. - Graustein, J.E., Thomas Nuttall 19-20, 29, 88, 194, 374. 1967. - Gray, A., London J. Bot. 1: 1-2. 1842. - Haller, A. von, Bibl. bot. 2: 407. 1772. - Harper, F., Trans. Amer. philos. Soc. ser. 2. 33(1): 1- 120, *pl. 1-22.* 1942 (B's diary of a journey... Carolinas, Georgia, Florida 1765-1766). - Harshberger, J.W.C., Botanists of Philadelphia 46, 76, 85, 440. 1899. - Healey, B.J., The plant hunters 203 \[index\]. 1975. - Hedrick, U.P., Hist. hort. America 47, 58, 72, 83, 85-91. 1950. - Herbst, J., New green world, London/New York 1954. 272 p. - Hooker, W.J., Amer. J. Sci. Arts 9: 265, 271, 274. 1825. - Hulth, J.M., Bref Skrifv. Linné 1(8): see index. 1922, 2(1): 165-168. 1916. - Humphrey, G.P., Observations on the inhabitants,... made by Mr. John Bartram... London 1751, reprinted by W.F. Humphrey, Geneva, N.Y. for George Perkins Humphrey, Rochester, N.Y. 1895 (n.v., see Hunt Bot. Cat. 2: 553. 1961). - Humphrey, H., Makers N. Amer. bot. 23-25. 1961. - Jackson, B.D., Index Linnaean herbarium 10. 1912; Proc. Linn. Soc. 134 (suppl.): 12. 1922 (herb. specimens of B. in LINN). - Kastner, J., Smithsonian 8: 122-129. 1977 (semi-popular biogr. of B.); A world of naturalists 338 (index). 1978. - Kelly, H.A., Some American medical botanists 49-59. 1914. - Kelly, H.A. and W.L. Burrage, Amer. med. biogr. 70-71. 1920. - Leroy, J.F. et al., Bot. franç. Amér. nord. (see index). 1957. - Manville, G.C., Bartonia 53: 34-40. 1987 (on his "Moss" coll.). - McGirr, N.F. (ed.), An account of the Bartram Garden Philadelphia published in "The Horticulturist" in 1850 revised and corrected by the author... sold at the Fête Champêtre held at Bartram for the same object May 18-th, 1864, Philadelphia (Newman F. McGirr) 1929 (Copy at MO). - McLean, E.P., Bartonia 50: 2-7. 1984 (visits to B's garden 1829). - Mears, J., Taxon 23(3): 522. 1983 (plant specimens sent by B. to Lord Petre, now at PH). - Meyer, P.W., J. Arboricult. 4(7): 165-168. 1978; Gard. J. Roy. Hort. Soc. 107: 11-14. 1982 ("The Bartram connection"). - Middleton, W.S., Sci. Monthly 21: 191-216. 1925. - Murray, G., Hist. coll. nat. hist. Depts. Brit. Mus. 1: 132-133. 1881 (on the herb. specimens of J. Bartram in BM). - Prince, Garden J. 7: 141-143, 152, 189-191. 1957. - Pyle, H., Harper's new monthly Mag. 60(357): 321-330. Feb 1880 ("B. and his garden"). - Randall, Bull. Appalachian State Teacher's College 1963: 13-17. - Rix, M. The art of the botanist 83, 126. 1982. - Rodgers, A.D., John Torrey 38-39, 172. 1942. - Rougetel, H. le, Garden History 14(1): 32-39. 1986 (Philip Miller/John Bartram botanical exchange). - Schuyler, A.E. and A. Newbold, Bartonia 53: 41-43. 1987 (Vasc. pl. in Lord Petre's herbarium coll. by B.). - Smith, Earle, Bartonia 28: 3. 1957. - Stafleu, F.A., Taxon 17: 76-78. 1968 (on reissue of W. Darlington, Memorials of John Bartram and Humphry Marshall, New York 1967). - Stearn, W.T., Cat. bot. books Hunt 2: lxxxi-lxxxii. 1961. - Sterns, R.P., Science in the British colonies of America 722 (index, 6 refs.). 1970. - Steele, A.R., Flowers for the King 14, 15. 1964. - Stewart, Gard. J. New York Bot. Gard. 17: 11-14. 1967. - Sutton, S.B., Charles Sprague Sargent 41-42. 1970 (on his garden). - Swem, E.G., Brothers of the spade 185 (index, numerous entries). 1957. - True, R.M. et al., Bartonia special issue: An account of the two hundredth anniversary of the founding of the first botanic garden in the American colonies by John Bartram, Philadelphia 1931, 68 p., *1 pl*. (True on biogr., W. Stone on William Bartram, J.H. Barnhart on his botanical and hort. work, as well as a note on his first interest in botany). - Walker, E.C., Newsletter Arboret. Barnes Found. 4(4-7). 1970 (B's Garden Catalogue 1783, English version of J. Bartram, Catalogue d'arbres, d'arbustes et de plantes.... dans le Jardin de John Bartram... s.l., 1783). - Warming, J.I., A history of medicine in South Carolina 1670-1825. 80, 194, 230. 1964. - West, F.D., Western Pennsylv. hist. Mag. 38: 111-115. 1955; Pennsylv. History 23: 463-466. 1956. - Wilson, J.G. and J. Fiske (ed.), Appleton's Cycl. Amer. Biogr. 1: 189. 1888. - Woodward, B.B., Hist. coll. nat. hist. Depts. Brit. Mus. 1: 25. 1904 (7 letters B. to Fothergill 1769-1771). - Wittrock, V.B., Acta Horti Berg. 3(3): 191. 1905 (on portr.). - Youmans, W.J., Pioneers of Science in America 24-39. 1896. #### Composite works - (1) Tho. Short, *Medicina britannica*. Philadelphia 1751, xx, 339, 40, 7 p. Preface, appendix (7 p.), and annotations scattered throughout the work, for complete title and notes see Barnhart 1931 (p. 5). - (2) *A journal*..., *in* W. Stork, *An account of East-Florida*, with a journal kept by John Bartram ... ed. 2, London 1767. − See Barnhart 1931, p. 52-53 for various editions. - (3) William Stork and John Bartram, *A description of East Florida, with a journal kept by John Bartram*... ed. 3 \[eds. 1 and 2 n.v.\] 1769; Bartram's contr. 40 p. *Copy*: NY.