> [!cite] BHL link: this entry starts at [page 130](https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33068372) of TL-2 Vol. II > Author links: [IPNI](https://www.ipni.org/a/3781-1) LSID 3781-1, [Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q116048) QID Q116048 > Support pages: [[Abbreviations|abbreviations]], [[Layout key|layout key]], [[Cite TL-2|cite TL-2]] ### Author Hegi, Gustav (1876-1932), Swiss botanist; studied at Zürich with Schinz; from 1902 curator, later lecturer and professor of botany (1910) at München; consul-general for Switzerland at München. **Abbreviated name**: *Hegi* \[standard form in IPNI: *Hegi*\] #### Herbarium and types [[Collection M|M]]. — Several types probably also in other herbaria from which Hegi studied material. #### Bibliography and biography Barnhart 2: 149; Backer p. 652; BFM 9, 1167; Blunt p. 258; BM6: 448; BL 1: 23, 300, 2: 559, 562, 574, 591, 666; DTS 6(4): 151; GR p. 641; Hortus 3: 1194 ("Hegi"); Hirsch p. 117; IH 2: 264; Kew 2: 627; LS 11701, 34365-34366; NI 840-841; Plesch p. 253; Zander p. 668. - Aellen, H., Schweiz. Zeitgen.-Lex. ed. 2. 394. 1932. - Beger, Ber. deut. bot. Ges. 51: (201)-(207). 1934 (bibl.). - Familler, I., Denkschr. Regensb. bot. Ges. 11: 17-18. 1911. - Gentner, Mitt. bay. bot. Ges. 4(13): 222-225. 1923 (portr.; incompl. bibl.). - Kahnt-Hegi et al., Ber. schweiz. bot. Ges. 42(1): 7-10. 1933 (bibl.). - Schinz, Neue Zürcher Zeit. 1156. 21 Jun 1932 (sse also J. Bot. 70: 237. 1932). - Schinz und Ulrich, Vierteljahrsschr. naturf. Ges. Zürich 77: 266-273. 1932 (bibl.). - Wulff, E. V., Intr. hist. pl. geogr. 25, 27, 103, 162, 206. 1943. ### Publications ##### n.2568. Das obere Tösstal **Title** *Das obere Tösstal* und die angrenzenden Gebiete, floristisch und pflanzengeografisch dargestellt. Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung der philosophischen Doktorwürde vorgelegt der hohen philosophischen Facultät (mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Sektion) der Universität Zürich von Gustav Hegi von Zürich. Begutachtet von Herrn Prof. Dr. Hans Schinz. Extrait du Bulletin de l'Herbier Boissier. Genève (Imprimerie Romet,...) 1902. Oct. **Abbreviated title**: *Tösstal*. **Notes** *Publ*.: Feb-Jan 1902 (Nat. Nov. Jul (2) 1902; as reprint), p. \[i, iii, v\], \[1\]-434, 2 maps. *Copy*: US. – Headline on t.p.: "Mitteilungen aus dem Botanischen Museum der Universität Zürich xvi." Reprinted from Bull. Herb. Boissier as follows (pages have original and reprint pagination): |Ser. |Vol./part |pages |dates| |--- |--- |--- |--- | |2 |1(2) |179-212 |30 Jan 1901| | |1(3) |337-352 |28 Feb 1901| | |1(5) |533-548 |30 Apr 1901| | |1(6) |637-652 |31 Mai 1901| | |1(7) |689-736 |30 Jun 1901| | |1(8) |793-824 |31 Jul 1901| | |1(9) |913-944 |31 Aug 1901| | |1(10) |1041-1072 |30 Sep 1901| | |1(11) |1153-1200 |31 Oct 1901| | |1(12) |1233-1300 |5 Dec 1901| | |2(1) |49-108 |31 Dec 1901| | |2(2) |185-216 |31 Jan 1902| ##### n.2569. Beiträge zur Pflanzengeographie der bayerischen Alpenflora **Title** *Beiträge zur Pflanzengeographie der bayerischen Alpenflora*. Habilitationsschrift zur Erlangung der venia legendi vorgelegt der Philosophischen Fakultät, II. Sektion, der Kgl. Bayer. Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität zu München. München (Druck von Val. Höfling) 1905. Oct. **Abbreviated title**: *Beitr. bayer. Alpenfl.* **Notes** *Publ*.: 1905, p. \[i-iii\], \[1\]-189, \[1, cont.\]. *Copy*: G. – Reprinted from Ber. bay. bot. Ges. 10. 1905. ##### n.2570. Alpenflora **Title** *Alpenflora*. Die verbreitesten Alpenpflanzen von Bayern, Tirol und der Schweiz. Von Dr. Gustav Hegi,... und Dr. Gustav Dunzinger... Mit 221 farbigen Abbildungen auf 30 Tafeln. München (J. F. Lehmann's Verlag) 1905. Oct. (in fours). **Abbreviated title**: *Alpenflora*. **Notes** *Co-author* (eds. 1-3 or 4): Gustav Dunzinger (1868-1940) (mainly for ills.). *Ed. 1*: Apr 1905 (Nat. Nov. Apr (2) 1905; 2 Aug 1905: date of receipt of copy by Radlkofer at M), p. \[1\]-68, *pl. 1-30* (col.). *Copy*: M. *Ed. 2: "Alpenflora*. Die... von Bayern, Oesterreich und der Schweiz." München (id.) 1910. Oct. (in fours), p. \[1\]-68, *pl. 1-30* (col.). *Copy*: M. Ed. 3: Jul 1913. – München (J. F. Lehmanns Verlag) 1913. Oct. (in fours), p. \[1\]-68, *pl. 1-30* (col.). *Copies*: BR, MO. – See Krause, Bot. Jahrb. 51 (Lit.): 10. 1913. *Ed. 4*: Jul 1917, n.v., see Engler, Bot. Jahrb. 54(Lit.): 53. 1917. *Ed. 5*: München (id.) 1922. Oct., p. \[1\]-79, *pl. 1-38* (1-30 col, 31-38 plain). *Copies*: HBG, M. *Ed. 6*: München (id.) 1927. Oct., p. \[1\]-79, *pl. 1-38* (id.). *Copy*: Prov. Library Middelburg. *Ed. 7*: München (id.) Nov 1930. Oct., n.v., see Krause, Bot. Jahrb. 64(Lit.): 21. 1931. *Ed. 8*: München (id.) 1937. Oct., p.\[1\]-80, *pl. 1-38* (id.). *Copies*: G, U. *Ed. 9*: München (Carl Hanser Verlag) s.d. \[Mai 1950\] Oct., p. \[i\]-93, *pl*. 1-40 (1-32 col, 33-40 plain). *Copies*: BR, G, MO, USDA. – "Besorgt von Herman Merxmüller, München." Editor of eds. 9-24: Hermann Merxmüller (1920-x). *Ed. 10*: München (id.) s.d. \[Aug 1951\], p. \[1\]-96, *pl. 1-40* (id.). *Copies*: UC, USDA. *Ed. 11*: München (id.) s.d. \[Aug 1952\], p. \[1\]-96, *pl. 1-40* (id.). *Copy*: USDA. *Ed. 12*: München (id.) s.d. \[Mai 1955\]. Oct. (in fours), p. \[1\]-96, *pl. 1-40*(id.). *Copies*: M, USDA. *Ed. 13*: München (id.) s.d. \[Sep 1956\]. Oct., p. \[1\]-96, *pl. 1-42* (id., 33-42 plain). *Copies*: U, USDA. *Ed. 14*: München (id.) s.d. \[Jun 1958\], p. \[1\]-96, *pl. 1-40. Copy*: HBG. *Ed. 75*: München (id.) s.d. \[Sep 1959\], p. \[1\]-96, *pl. 1-32* (col.), 33-42 (uncol.). *Copies*: HBG, USDA, WU. *Ed. 16*: München (id.) s.d. \[Mai 1961\], p. \[1\]-96, *pl. 1-40. Copy*: NY. *Ed. 17*: München (id.) s.d. \[Aug 1962\], n.v. *Ed. 18*: München (id.) s.d. \[Jul 1963\] Oct. (in fours), p. \[1\]-112, *pl. 1-40* (id.), maps 1-48, 1 general map. *Copies*: M, USDA. – See Taxon 12: 5 Nov 1963. *Ed. 19*: \[Jul 1964\] n.v. *Ed. 20*: \[Sep 1965\] n.v. *Ed. 21*: München (id.) s.d. \[Sep 1967\]. *Copy*: SMU. *Ed. 22*: München (id.). s.d. \[1970\], pl. \[1\]-112, *pl. 1-32* (col.), *33-40* (uncol.), maps 1-48 on p. 85-100. *Copy*: WU. *Ed. 23*: n.v. Ed. 24: Berlin und Hamburg (Verlag von Paul Parey) s.d. \[Nov 1976\], p. \[1\]-157, *pl. 1-40* (id.), maps 1-48, 1 general map. *Copies*: FAS, M. *Ed. 25*: Verlag von Paul Parey. Berlin und Hamburg, s.d. \[Oct 1977\], p. \[1\]-194, *pl*. \[0, Flechten\], *1-40*, map, 48 small maps in text. *Copies*: FAS, M.–"Hegi-Merxmüller-Reisigl, *Alpenflora*... 25, erweiterte Auflage 1977, herausgegeben von Dr. Herbert Reisigl..." (See Taxon 27: 107. 1978). *English transi*, of ed. 6: "*Alpine flowers*..." trans. Winifred M. Deans, London and Glasgow Mar 1930, n.v. \[note: we refrained from trying to find other editions and translations\]. ##### n.2571. Illustrierte Flora von Mittel-Europa **Title** *Illustrierte Flora von Mittel-Europa*. Mit besonderer Berücksichtigung von Oesterreich, Deutschland und der Schweiz. Zum Gebrauche in den Schulen und zum Selbstunterricht. München (Verlag von J. F. Lehmann) \[1906-1931\], 7 vols, in 13. Oct. **Abbreviated title**: *Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur.* **Notes** *Cover Lieferung I*: "... von Dr. Gustav Hegi... illustriert unter künstlerischer Leitung von Gustav Dunzinger... Das Werk erscheint in 70 monatlichen Lieferungen... Jeder Heft enthält 4 Tafeln und erklärenden Text." *Illustrations*: Gustav Dunzinger (1869-1940). *Vernacular names*: Heinrich Marzell (1885-x) (vols. 2-6). *Later collaborators of ed. 1*: Albert Thellung (1881-1928) \[4(1), 5(1)\], Emil Schmid (1891-x) \[4(1), 4(2)\], Robert Keller (1854-1939) \[4(2)\], Josias Braun-Blanquet (1884- x) \[4(2), 5(1)\], Helmut Gams (1893-1976) \[4(2), 4(3), 5(1), 5(4), 6(2)\], Werner Lüdi (1888-1968) \[5(1)\], Herbert K. E. Beger (1889-1955) \[5(1), 5(2), 5(3), 6(2)\], Heinrich Marzell (1885-x) \[5(4)\], August von Hayek (1871-1928) \[6(1), 6(2)\], Hermann Jahn \[6(2)\]. Hegi himself was responsible for almost two thirds of the 7800 pages (Gentner 1933). *Vienna issue* of ed. 1: "A. Pichler's Vitwe & Sohn,... Wien V, Margaretenplatz 2," 7 vols., in all respects, except for imprint, identical with the original München issue. *Copy*: WU. *Ed. I. Copies*: MICH, MO, U(2), US. *1*: \[i\]-clviii, 1-402, *pl. 1-41, fig. 1-172*, \[403\]-411. *2*: \[1\]-405, *pl. 42-76, fig. 173-447*. *3*: \[1\]-607, *pl. 77-121, fig. 448-717.* *4*(*1*): \[1\]-491, *pl. 122-138, fig. 718-890*. *4*(*2*): \[493, 495\] 497-1112a, \[1112b\], *pl. 139-157, fig. 891-1278*. *4*(*3*): \[i, iii\], \[1113\]-1748, *pl. 158-174, fig. 1279-1661*. *5*(*1*): \[i, iii-v\], 1-674 \[repr.-678d\], *pl. 175-186, fig. 1662-2102*. *5*(*2*): \[i-iii\], \[679\]-1562, \[1-2, cont.\], *pl. 187-204, fig. 2103-2602*. *5*(*3*): \[1563\]-2250, \[1, cont.\], *pl. 205-222, fig. 2603-3175*. *5*(*4*): \[2251\]-2630, \[1, cont.\], *pl. 223-233, fig. 3176-3434*. *6*(*1*): \[i\]-544, *pl. 234-263, fig. 1-276* *6*(*2*): \[545\]-1386, *pl. 264-280, fig. 277-965*. *7*: \[i\]-vi, \[vii-viii, cont., dates\], \[1\]-561, \[562, err.\], *fig. 966-1273. Gesamtregister*, bearbeitetvon Dr. Gustav Hegi, unter Mitwirkung von Dr. Hans Kugler, Dr. Meta Lutz und Dr. Edwin Schlumpf. *Plates*: *280*, of which *253* are chromolithographs; plain: *25, 27, 30, 36-40, 104, 125, 129, 135-136, 190, 193-194, 196-199, 202-203, 246, 249*. ###### *First edition*, publication, chronological: |vol. |part |pages |date |reprinted| |--- |--- |--- |--- |--- | |1 |1 |1-24 |Oct 1906| | |2 |25-48 |Nov-Dec 1906| | |3 |49-72 |Nov-Dec 1906| | |4 |73-120 |Feb 1907| | |5 |121-160 |Jan-Jun 1907| | |6 |161-192 |Jan-Jun 1907| | |7 |193-232 |Jul 1907| | |8 |233-272 |Aug-Dec 1907| | |9 |273-312 |Aug-Dec 1907| | |10 |313-360 |Jan 1908| | |11 |361-402 |Sep 1908| |2 |12 |5-32 |Nov 1908| | |13 |33-56 |Nov 1908| | |14 |57-88 |Nov 1908| | |15 |89-128 |Dec 1908| | |16 |129-160 |Jan-Mar 1909| | |17 |161-184 |Mar 1909| | |18 |185-208 |Apr-Oct 1909| | |19 |209-232 |Apr-Oct 1909| | |20 |233-405 |Oct 1909| |3 |21 |5-36 |Nov-Dec 1909| | |22 |37-72 |Jan-Apr 1910| | |23 |73-136 |Apr 1910| | |24 |137-184 |Nov 1910| | |25 |185-232 |Mai-Nov 1910| | |26 |233-280 |Dec 1910| | |27 |281-328 |1910| | |28 |329-376 |1911| | |29 |377-424 |1911| | |30 |425-472 |Dec 1911| | |31 |473-504 |1912| | |32 |505-552 |Sep 1912| | |33 |553-607 |Dec 1912| |4(1) |34 |5-48 |Jul 1913| | |35 |49-96 |Jul 1913| | |36 |97-144 |Jan 1914| | |37 |145-192 |1916| | |38 |193-320 |Mar 1918| | |39 |321-491 |Apr 1919| |4(2) |40 |497-540 |Sep 1921| | |41 |541-588 |Jun 1922| | |42-44 |589-748 |Jul 1922| | |45-47 |749-908 |Oct 1922| | |48-50 |909-1068 |Feb 1923| | |51 |1069-1112b |Jun 1923| |4(3) |52-54 |1113-1276 |Aug 1923 |1964| | |55-57 |1277-1436 |Oct 1923| | |58-60 |1437-1596 |Mar 1924| | |61-63 |1597-1748 |Jun 1924| |5(1) |64-66 |1-156 |Oct 1924| | |67-69 |157-316 |Dec 1924| | |70-72 |317-476 |Apr 1925| | |73-76 |477-674 |Aug 1925| |5(2) |77-79 |679-834 |Nov 1925 |1966| | |80-82 |835-994 |Dec 1925| | |83-85 |995-1154 |Mar 1926| | |86-88 |1155-1314 |Jun 1926| | |89-91 |1315-1474 |Sep 1926| |5(2) |92-93 |1475-1562 |Oct 1926| |5(3) |94-96 |1567-1722 |Oct 1926 |1967| | |97-99 |1723-1882 |Mar 1927| | |100-102 |1883-2042 |1927| | |103-106 |2043-2250 |Jul 1927| |5(4) |107-109 |2255-2410 |1927 |1964| | |110-113 |2411-2630 |Dec 1927| |6(1) |1 |5-32 |Apr 1913| | |2 |33-72 |Jun 1913| | |3 |73-112 |1913| | |4 |113-160 |1914| | |5 |161-216 |Apr 1914| | |6 |217-256 |Sep 1914| | |7 |257-304 |Dec 1914| | |8 |305-352 |Nov 1915| | |9 |353-400 |Dec 1916| | |10 |401-448 |Mar 1917| | |11 |449-496 |Nov 1917| | |12 |497-544 |Dec 1918| |6(2) |13-15 |549-704 |1928 |1954| | |16-18 |705-864 |1928| | |19-21 |865-1008 |1928| | |22-24 |1009-1152 |1928| | |25-28 |1153-1386 |Mai 1929| |7 | |v-viii, 1-562 |Mar 1931| Vol. 7, in parts: \[i\]: 1-\[26\], \[2\]: 27-134, \[3\]: \[135\]-\[214\], \[4\]: 215-380, \[5\]: \[381\]\[470\], \[6\]: 471-528, \[7\]: \[529\]-548, \[8/9\]: \[549\]-\[562\]. (page indications on covers partly incorrect). *Ed. 2. Copies*: U, US. *1*: \[i\]-xxiv, \[1\]-528, *pl. 1-41, fig. 1-280*. *2*: \[i-vi\], 1-532, *pl. 42-76, fig. 281-719*. *3*(*1*): \[i\]-viii, \[i\]-452, *pl. 77-94, fig. t-191*, err. slip. *3*(*2*): n.v., see table. *3*(*3*): \[i-viii\], \[1\]-356, *pl. 109-121, fig. 1-218*, err. slip. *4*(*1*): \[i\]-viii, \[1\]-547, *pl. 122-138, fig. 1-311*. *4*(*2*) A: \[i-vii\], \[1\]-448, *pl. 139-146, fig. 1-292*. *4*(*3*): \[i-iii\], \[1113\]-1750, \[1, cont.\], *pl. 158-174*, *fig. 1279-1661* (mainly reprint; minor corr. only), *publ*. autumn-1964. *5*(*2*): \[i-v\], 679-1584, *pl. 157-204, fig. 2103-2602* (mainly reprint; minor corr. only), *publ*. 1966. *5*(*3*): \[i-iii\], 1567-22541, \[1, cont.\], *pl. 205-222, fig. 2603-3175* (mainly reprint; minor corr. only), *publ*. 1966 or 1967. *5*(*4*): \[i-iii\], 2255-2630, \[1, cont.\], *pl. 223-233, fig. 3176-3434* (idem), publ. 1964. *6*(*1*): \[i-vii\], \[1\]-631, *pl. 234-246, fig. 1-297*, published in 8 parts. *6*(*2, 3*): n.v., see table. *Imprint* 3(1), 3(3), 4(1), 4(2)A, 5(4): Carl Verlag, München; 6(1) idem but cover: Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin-Hamburg. *Collaborators eds. 2 & 3*: Ernst Bergdolt (1902-x) \[1\], Johannes Zimmermann (*fl*. 1936) \[1\], Karl Suessenguth (1893-1955) \[1\], Karl-Heinz Rechinger (1906-x) \[3(1), 3(3)\], Annelis Schreiber (1927-x) \[3(1)\], Ludwig Hoerhammer (1907-1975) \[3(1), 4(1)\], Heinrich Marzell (1885-1970) \[3(1), 3(3), 4(1), 4(2)A, 6(1)\], Hermann Meusel (1909-x) \[3(1), 3(3)\], Erich Oberdorfer (1905-x) \[3(1), 3(3), 4(1), 4(2)A, 6(1)\], Alois Patzak (1903-x) \[3(1)\], Franz Petrak (1886-1973) \[3(1)\], Margita von Rochow \[3(1)\], Jürgen Damboldt (1937-x) \[3(3)\], H. Mühlberg \[3(3)\], Walter Zimmermann (1892-x) \[3(3)\], Ch. Leuckert (1930-x) \[3(3)\], Herbert Straka (1920-x) \[3(3), 4(1), 4(2)A, 6(1)\], Friedrich Markgraf (1897-x) \[4(1)\], Roland Wannenmacher \[4(1), 4(2)A, 6(1)\], Herbert Huber (1931-x) \[4(2)A\], Dimitri Hartl (1926-x) \[6(1)\], Gerhard Wagenitz (1927-x) \[6(1)\], Siegfried Jost Casper (1929-x) \[6(1)\], Alexander Gilli (1903-x) \[6(1)\], Otto Schwarz (1900-x) \[6(1)\], Inge Siegert \[6(1)\], Dieter Podlech (1931-x) \[ed. 3, 2(1)\], Wolfram Schulze-Motel (1934-x) \[ed. 3, 2(1)\], R. Kandeler \[ed. 3, 2(1)\]. *Vienna issue* ed. 2: –A. Pichlers Witwe & Sohn... Wien V, Margaretenplatz 2,– vols. 1-2, except for imprint identical with vols. 1 and 2 of München issue. *Copy*: WU. ###### *Break-down second edition*: |vol. |Lief. |Volume-editor |pages |dates| |--- |--- |--- |--- |--- | |1 | |K. Suessenguth |1-528 |1936, repr. 1965| |2 | |K. Suessenguth |1-532 |Dec 1939| |3(1) |1 |K. H. Rechinger |1-80 |Sep 1957| | |2 |K. H. Rechinger |81-160 |Nov 1957| | |3 |K. H. Rechinger |161-240 |Dec 1957| | |4 |K. H. Rechinger |241-320 |Jun 1958| | |5 |K. H. Rechinger |321-452 |Jul 1958| |3(2) |1 |K. H. Rechinger |453-532 |1959| | |2 |K. H. Rechinger |533-612 |1960| | |3 |K. H. Rechinger |613-692 |1960| | |4 |K. H. Rechinger |693-772 |1961| | |5 |K. H. Rechinger |773-852 |1962| | |6 |K. H. Rechinger |853-932 |1969| | |7 |K. H. Rechinger |933-... |1971| | |8 |K. H. Rechinger | |to follow| |3(3) |1 |K. H. Rechinger |1-80 |Jul 1965| | |2-3 |J. Damboldt |81-240 |Feb 1974| | |4-5 |J. Damboldt |241-356 |Mar 1974| |4(1) |1 |K. Markgraf |1-80 |Mar 1958| | |2 |K. Markgraf |81-160 |Mai 1959| | |3 |K. Markgraf |161-240 |Mar 1960| | |4 |K. Markgraf |241-320 |Dec 1960| | |5 |K. Markgraf |321-400 |Jan 1962| | |6 |K. Markgraf |401-480 |Oct 1962| | |7 |K. Markgraf |481-548 |Feb 1963| |4(2)A |1 |H. Huber |1-80 |Jan 1961| | |2/3 |H. Huber |80-224 |Apr 1963| | |4 |H. Huber |225-304 |Nov 1964| | |5 |H. Huber |305-384 |Jul 1965| | |6 |H. Huber |385-448 |Nov 1966| |5 |1-4 |Nachträge |1-172 |1968| |6(1) |1 |D. Hartl et G. Wagenitz |1-80 |Jul 1965| | |2 |D. Hartl et G. Wagenitz |81-161 |Sep 1966| | |3 |D. Hartl et G. Wagenitz |161-240 |Jun 1968| | |4 |D. Hartl et G. Wagenitz |241-320 |Jul 1969| | |5 |D. Hartl et G. Wagenitz | |Jul 1972| | |6 |D. Hartl et G. Wagenitz | |Mar 1974| | |7/8 |D. Hartl et G. Wagenitz |-631 |Aug 1974| |6(2) |1 |G. Wagenitz |1-96 |1966| | |2-9 |G. Wagenitz |97-176 |1970| |6(3) |1 |G. Wagenitz |1-80 |1964| | |2 |G. Wagenitz |81-160 |1965| | |3 |G. Wagenitz |161-240 |1966| | |4 |G. Wagenitz |241-320 |1968| | |5-9 |G. Wagenitz | |to follow| ###### *Third edition* |vol. |Lief. |Volume-editor |pages |dates| |--- |--- |--- |--- |--- | |2(1) |1 |W. Schultze-Motel |1-80 |1966| | |2 |W. Schultze-Motel |81-160 |1968| | |3 |W. Schultze-Motel |161-240 |1969| | |4 |W. Schultze-Motel et al. |241-320 |Aug 1977| | |5 |R. Kandeler & D. Podlech | |to follow| | |6 |D. Podlech| *Ref*.: Becherer, A., Candollea 5: 342-344. 1934.