> [!cite] BHL link: this entry starts at [page 804](https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33333943) of TL-2 Vol. V
> Author links: [IPNI](https://www.ipni.org/a/9991-1) LSID 9991-1, [Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64331) QID Q64331
> Support pages: [[Abbreviations|abbreviations]], [[Layout key|layout key]], [[Cite TL-2|cite TL-2]]
### Author
Sprengel, Christian Konrad (1750-1816), German (Brandenburg/Prussian) botanist and high school teacher; uncle of Kurt Sprengel; studied theology and philosophy at Halle; teacher "at the Friedrichs-Hospital School, Berlin 1774, from 1780 rector of the Great Lutheran City School at Spandau, teaching natural sciences and languages; pioneer flower biologist.
**Abbreviated name**: *CK. Spreng.* \[standard form in IPNI: *C.K.Spreng.*\]
#### Herbarium and types
Some material still extant in [[Collection B|B]]-Willd. (D.E. Meyer 1954).
#### Bibliography and biography
ADB 53: 293-296; AG 2(1): 429; Barnhart 3: 312 (b. 21 Sep 1750, d. 7 Apr 1816); BL 2: 169; BM 5: 1994; Bossert p. 379; Dryander 3: 395; DSB 12: 587-591 (many secondary refs.); Frank 3 (Anh.): 99; Herder p. 123; Jackson p. 98; Moebius p. 344, 456 \[index\]; MW suppl. p. 331; NI 1883; PR 8856-8857, ed. 1: 9830; Rehder 1: 236; TL-1/1256, 1400; TL-2/see J.W. von Goethe.
#### Biofile
- Anon., Deut. entom. Z. 1916(2): 229-230; Isis 1: 243-244. 1913 (subscription monument \[now in B\]).
- Ascherson, P.A., Verh. bot. Ver. Brandenburg 35: ix-xiii. 1893, Naturw. Wochenschr. 8: 140-141. 1893 (S. as a floristic botanist and carpologist).
- Bastine, W., Jahrb. brandenb. Landesgesch. 12: 121-131. 1961.
- Biltz, Mitt. thüring. bot. Ver. ser. 2. 15: 23-29. 1900, 16: 24. 1901.
- Engler, A., Notizbl. k. bot. Gart. Mus. Berlin-Dahlem 6(62): 417-420. 1917 (on unveiling memorial).
- Faegri, K. & L. v.d. Pijl, The principles of pollination biology 2, 3, 220. 1966.
- Fr. Dt., Arnstädter Anzeiger 8 Apr 1941, no. 83, Beilage (*copy*: B).
- Frisch, K. v., Naturwissenschaften 31: 223-229. 1943; Biologia 2: 242-245. 1951.
- H.B. \[Heinrich Biltz?\], Flora 2(2): 541-552. 1819 (important original obituary based on personal acquaintance with S.).
- Hoffmann, P., Naturw. Wochenschr. ser. 2. 19: 692-695. 1920 (source material).
- Kirchner, O., Naturw. Wochenschr. 8: 101-105, 111-112. 1893 (founder of modern flower biology).
- Knuth, P., Bot. Jaarb. Dodonaea 5: 42-107. 1893.
- Kraus, G., Bot. Gart. Halle 2: 57, 59, 60. 1894.
- Lbch., Corr.-Bl. bot. Ver. Irmischia 9: 40-41. 1881 (brief note).
- L.H., Der märkische Naturschutz 46: 407-408. 1941 (125. anniv. death).
- Mägdefrau, K., Gesch. Bot. 112-115, 121, 269. 1973.
- Meyer, D.E., Willdenowia 1(1): 118-125. 1953 (bibl. and biogr. notes; lists secondary literature); Ber. deut. bot. Ges. 80(3): 209-217. 1967 (on C.K. Sprengel and W. Goethe).
- Renner, O., Jena. Z. Med. Naturw. 78: 135. 1947.
- Sachs, J., Gesch. bot. 397, 448-453. 1875; Histoire bot. 131, 429. 1892.
- Strasburger, E., Deut. Rundschau 20(1): 113-130. 1893.
- Wichler, G., S.B. Ges. naturf. Freunde Berlin 1935: 305-331. 1936.
- Willis, J.C., Natural Science 2: 269-274. 1893.
#### Note
For a recent summary and listing of publications on C.K. Sprengel see L.J. King (DSB 12, 1975); see also D.E. Meyer (1953) and the contemporary obituary by "H.B., Erfurt" in Flora (2: 541-552. 1819). Sprengel also published "*Die Nützlichkeit der Bienen* und die Notwendigkeit der Bienenzucht von einer neuen Seite dargestellt". Berlin (Wilhelm Vieweg) 1811; new edition with preface by August Krause, Berlin (F. Pfennigstorff) 1918, see also A. Engler, Bot. Jahrb. 55 (Lit.): 52. 1919.
#### Handwriting
Willdenowia 1(1): 121. 1953.
#### Eponymy
*Sprengelia* J.E. Smith (1794).
### Publications
##### n.12.672. Das entdeckte Geheimnis der Natur
**Title**
*Das entdeckte Geheimnis der Natur* im Bau und in der Befruchtung der Blumen... Berlin (bei Friedrich Vieweg dem aeltern) 1793. Qu.
**Abbreviated title**: *Entd. Geheimn. Nat.*
**Notes**
*Publ*.: 1793 (p. \[iv\]: 18 Dec 1792), engr. t.p., p. \[i-iv\], col. \[1\]-444, p. \[1-4, index\], *pl. 1-25* (uncol. copp. auct.). *Copies*: BR, Ewan, G, HH, KU, NY, U; IDC 5747.
*Facsimile 1*: 1893, in series Wissenschaftliche Classiker in Facsimile-Drucken, Band vii, Berlin (Mayer & Müller) 1893, p. \[i-viii\], col. \[1\]-444, p. \[1-4, index\], *pl. 1-25. Copies*: B, MO, US.
*Facsimile 2*: 1972, in series Historiae naturalis classica, tomus xcvii, 3301 Lehre (J. Cramer), p. \[i-x\], col. \[1\]-444, p. \[1-4, index\], *pl. 1-25. Copies*: FAS, G. – ISBN 3-7682-0828-1.
*Reprint*: 1894, Ostwald's Klassiker der exacten Wissenschaften, 4 vols. nos. 48-51. Leipzig (Wilhelm Engelmann), ed. Paul Knuth (Bot. Zeit. 1 Apr 1894). *Copies*: M, U, Univ. Illinois, UC.
*1*: 1894, p. \[1\]-184.
*2*: 1894, p. \[1\]-172.
*3*: 1894, p. \[1\]-178.
*4*: 1894, p. \[1\]-7, *pl. 1-25* \[*1, note Knuth*\].