> [!cite] BHL link: this entry starts at [page 464](https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33066804) of TL-2 Vol. VII > Author links: [IPNI](https://www.ipni.org/a/13033-1) LSID 13033-1, [Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q721062) QID Q721062 > Support pages: [[Abbreviations|abbreviations]], [[Layout key|layout key]], [[Cite TL-2|cite TL-2]] ### Author Wright, Charles (1811-1885), American botanical collector; studied at Yale College 1831-1835; private teacher at Natchez, Mississippi 1836-1837; teacher in Zarvala and Rutersville, Texas 1837-1847; volunteer in the U.S. Army 1847-1848 during the Mexican war, collected for Asa Gray in the Mexican Boundary Region; 1849-1850 with the U.S. Army from San Antonio to El Paso on the Rio Grande; teacher in Central Texas 1850-1852; botanist and surveyor on the Graham Boundary Survey 1851-1852; returned to Cambridge, Mass.; on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition under capt. Ringgold and comm. J. Rodgers 1853-1855; visited Nicaragua 1855; collected in Cuba on various trips 1856-1867; working at Cambridge 1867-1871; visited Sto. Domingo 1871; working in Cambridge from 1871-1876; in retirement at Wethersfield, Conn. 1876-1885. **Abbreviated name**: *C. Wright* \[standard form in IPNI: *C.Wright*\] #### Herbarium and types [[Collection GH|GH]] (general colls.), [[Collection US|US]] (Mexican Boundary Survey, Ringgold Exp.). *Duplicates of Texas collections*: [[Collection DPU|DPU]], [[Collection FI|FI]], [[Collection G|G]], [[Collection K|K]], [[Collection MO|MO]], [[Collection OXF|OXF]], [[Collection PH|PH]], [[Collection SMU|SMU]], [[Collection YU|YU]]. – For labelling of Texas plants see Ewan (ed. 1: 342), Wooton (1906) and Shaw (1987). *Duplicates from Ringgold and Rodgers N. Pacific Expl. Exp.*: [[Collection FH|FH]], [[Collection K|K]], [[Collection LE|LE]], [[Collection PH|PH]]. *Duplicates from New Mexico*: [[Collection BM|BM]], [[Collection CGE|CGE]], [[Collection F|F]], [[Collection FI|FI]], [[Collection G|G]], [[Collection MO|MO]]. *Duplicates from Mexico*: [[Collection FI|FI]], [[Collection G|G]], [[Collection L|L]]. *Duplicates from Nicaragua*: [[Collection GOET|GOET]], [[Collection K|K]], [[Collection MO|MO]], [[Collection US|US]]. *Duplicates from Cuba*: [[Collection B|B]] (mainly destr.), [[Collection BM|BM]], [[Collection BP|BP]], [[Collection BR|BR]], [[Collection BREM|BREM]], [[Collection BRU|BRU]], [[Collection BUF|BUF]], [[Collection CGE|CGE]], [[Collection DPU|DPU]], [[Collection E|E]], [[Collection F|F]], [[Collection FH|FH]], [[Collection G|G]], [[Collection G|G]]-DC, [[Collection GOET|GOET]] (impt. set), [[Collection HAB (sensu TL-2)|HAB]] (impt. set), [[Collection HAC|HAC]], [[Collection K|K]], [[Collection L|L]], [[Collection LE|LE]], [[Collection MA|MA]], [[Collection MO|MO]], [[Collection NY|NY]], [[Collection P|P]], [[Collection PH|PH]], [[Collection S|S]], [[Collection TCD|TCD]], [[Collection US|US]], [[Collection W|W]], [[Collection WELC|WELC]]. *Mosses* (Cuba): [[Collection BM|BM]]([[Collection BM|BM]]-K), [[Collection FH|FH]], [[Collection G|G]], [[Collection H|H]]. *Lichens* (Cuba): [[Collection BM|BM]], [[Collection G|G]], [[Collection H|H]]-Nyl., [[Collection M|M]], [[Collection PC|PC]], [[Collection TCD|TCD]], [[Collection TUR|TUR]]-V, [[Collection WRSL|WRSL]]. *Fungi* (Cuba): [[Collection B|B]] (destr.), [[Collection BPI|BPI]], [[Collection BUF|BUF]], [[Collection FH|FH]], [[Collection G|G]], [[Collection K|K]]([[Collection BM|BM]]-K), [[Collection LPS|LPS]], [[Collection PC|PC]], [[Collection NY|NY]], [[Collection NYS|NYS]]. For *Fungi cubenses wrightianae* see Stevenson, Beih. Nova Hedw. 34: 526-527. 1971. *Algae* (Cuba): [[Collection FH|FH]], [[Collection W|W]]. *Ferns* (Cuba): [[Collection IA|IA]]. *Santo Domingo*: [[Collection GH|GH]], [[Collection K|K]], [[Collection US|US]] (see Howard, R.A. 1961). For more details see Shaw (1987) and the coming treatment in I.H. Vegter, *Index Herbariorum Collectors Index*. *Manuscripts*: [[Collection GH|GH]]. – *Letters*: [[Collection GH|GH]] (impt. set), [[Collection NY|NY]], [[Collection UPS|UPS]]-UB. #### Bibliography and biography AG 4: 696-697, 6(1): 3; Barnhart 3: 523 (b. 29 Oct 1811, d. 11 Aug 1885); BM 5: 2364; Bossert p. 443; Bret. p. 391, 393-400; Clokie p. 267; CSP 8: 1276, 12: 794, 19: 721; DAB 20: 545-546; Ewan ed. 1: 11, 64, 342, ed. 2: 244; Frank 3 (Anh.): 115; GR p. 200, cat. p. 73; Hortus 3: 1207; IH 1 (ed. 6): 366, (ed. 7): 346; Lenley p. 442, 472; LS 29364; ME 1: 243, 3: 682 \[index\]; Morren ed. 10, p. 118; TL-1/329i, 433, 541, 13.408, 15.581 and see W.H. Emory and indexes; Tucker 1: 14; Urban-Berl. p. 273, 284, 318, 323, 411; Zander ed. 10, p. 732, ed. 11, p. 838. #### Biofile - Anon., Biogr. hist. record Class of 1835 Yale College 174-180. 1881; Bot. Gaz. 10: 371. 1885 (d.); Bot. Zeit. 8: 136. 1850 (collecting in Texas); Flora 65: 192. 1882 (distr. of lichens from Cuba); Österr. bot. Z. 8: 75. 1858 (returns from Cuba to Cambridge); Who was who Amer., Hist. vol. 598. 1963. - Bridson, G.D.R. et al., Nat. hist. mss. res. Brit. Isl. 269.386. 1980. - Chardon, C.E., Los naturalistas en la America latina 1: 247-250, *pl. 18.* 1949. - Conde, J.A., Hist. bot. Cuba 94, 100, 106, 112, 285, 286-288. 1958. - Elliott, C, Biogr. dict. Amer. sci. 282. 1979. - Ewan, J. et al., Short hist. bot. U.S. 9, 43, 92, 97, 116. 1969. - Geiser, S.W., Southwest Review 25: 343-378. 1930; Field and Laboratory 4: 23-32 (1849 trip), 54. 1936, 27: 251. 1959; Naturalists frontier 172-198, 296. 1948. - Gray, A., Amer. J. Sci. 31: 12-17. 1886 (obit.); Sci. Papers 2: 468-474. 1889. - Gray, J.L., Letters Asa Gray 838 \[index\]. 1893. - Gunn, M. & L.E. Codd, Bot. Expl. S. Afr. 381. 1981. - Hinckley, L.C., Amer. Midl. Natural. 44: 488-495. 1950 (centennial Trans-Pecos Texas trip). - Hooker, W.J., J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 4: 287-288, 351-352. 1852, 9: 58-59. 1857. - Howard, R.A., J. Arnold Arb. 42(2): 115-143. 1961 (bot. results U.S. Commission of inquiry Santo Domingo 1871; Wright collection); Charles Wright in Cuba 1856-1857. Westport CT, 1986 (ISBN 0-88736-089-0). - Iwatsuki, Z., J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 29: 53-69. 1966 (Asiatic moss coll.). - Jervis, R.N., Asa Gray Bull. ser. 2. 2(1): 29-40. 1953 (along the tracts of C.W. in Cuba). - Knobloch, I.W., Plant collectors N. Mexico 74. 1979; Preliminary verified list of plant collectors in Mexico; Phytologia Mem. 6: 106. 1983. - Lynge, B., Nyt Mag. Naturv. Oslo 51: 117. 1913 (on *Graphideae cubenses* a cl. C. Wright lectae). - McKelvey, S.D., Bot. Expl. Trans. Miss. West. 1144 (index). 1955 (major study). - McVaugh, R., Edward Palmer 7. 1956. - Müller, J., Argov., Bot. Zeit. 42: 14. 1884 (distr. lichens Wright). - Pfister, D.H., Cryptogams of the United States North Pacific Exploring Expedition 1853-1856, Cambridge, Mass. 1978. - Rodgers, A.D., William Starling Sullivant 360 \[index\]. 1940; John Torrey 352 \[index\]. 1942; Amer. bot. 1873-1892. 340 \[index\]. 1944. - Sayre, G., Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 19(3): 418. 1975 (coll.). - Schlechtendal, D.F.L. von, Bot. Zeit. 12: 128-130. 1854 (rev. of Gray's pl. Wrightianae). - Shaw, E., Charles Wright on the boundary 1840-1852 \[and 1849-1852\]. Westport CT, 1986 \[and 1987\] (ISBN 0-88736-088-2). - Standley, P.C., Contr. U.S. natl. Herb. 13: 148-149. 1910 (route 1851-1852). - Sullivant, W.S., Proc. Amer. Arts Sci. 5: 273-290. 1862 (Musci cubenses). - Sullivant, W.S. & C.L. Lesquéreux, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts Sci. 4: 275-282. 1860 (preprint 1859, TL-2/13.406, Char. new Musci). - Thomas, J.H., Huntia 3: 16. 1969 (expl. Calif.). - Todsen, T.K., Madroño 23: 403-404. 1976 (on W.'s "El Paso collection"). - Underwood, L.M., Bull. Torrey bot. Club 32: 291-300. 1905, 33: 561-566. 1906 (summary of W.'s expl. in Cuba). - Urban, I., Symb. ant. 1: 178. 1898, 3: 141-142. 1902 (coll.; biogr. sketch). - Wagenitz, G., Index coll. princ. herb. Gott. 184, 214. 1982. - Winkler, C.H., Bull. Univ. Texas 18: 9-10. 1915. - Wooton, E.O., Bull. Torrey bot. Club 33: 561-566. 1906 (Southwestern localities visited by W.; notes on variation in citation localities on labels). #### Note - (1) See A. Gray, *Plantae wrightianae* 1852-1853 for a first account of the Texas and New Mexico coll., TL-2/2127. - (2) See A.H.R. Grisebach, *Plantae wrightianae*, e Cuba orientali, 1860-1862, TL-2/2182 and *Catalogas plantarum cubensium* 1866, TL-2/2184. - (3) See D.C. Eaton, *Filices wrightianae et fendlerianae* 1860, TL-2/1616. - (4) For exsiccatae *Graphideae cubenses* see Müll. Arg., TL-2/3: 628. - (5) For taxa to be cited as C. Wright *in* F.A. Sauvalle, *Fl. cub.* 1868-1873, see TL-2/10.371. - (6) See W.S. Sullivant for W.S. Sullivant and L. Lesquereux, *Characters of some new musci *collected by Charles Wright in the North Pacific Exploring Expedition 1859, TL-2/13.406. - (7) See J. Müller Argov., *Arthoniae et Arthothelic* species wrightianae in insula Cuba lectae, Bull. Herb. Bois. ser. I. 2: 725-736 (1-12) Dec 1894. (TL-2/6472). #### Handwriting Wagenitz, G., Index coll. princ. herb. Gott. 214. 1982. #### Eponymy (genera): *Carlowrightia* A. Gray (1878); *Wrightiella* Spegazzini (1924); (journal): *Wrightia*, a botanical journal. Dallas, Texas, U.S.A. Vol. 1-, 1945/1951-. *Note: Wrightioporia* Z. Pouzar (1966) was named for Jorge E. Wright (1922-x), Argentine mycologist.