> [!cite] BHL link: this entry starts at [page 76](https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33265273) of TL-2 Suppl. II > Author links: [IPNI](https://www.ipni.org/a/15956-1) LSID 15956-1, [Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q731808) QID Q731808 > Support pages: [[Abbreviations|abbreviations]], [[Layout key|layout key]], [[Cite TL-2|cite TL-2]] > [!example] See also [[Bentham, George|first entry]] for this author ### Author \* Bentham, George (1800-1884), English botanist, in France with his family 1816-1826, studied at Montauban, returned to London 1826, studied law, divided his time between law and botany 1829-1832, active in the Linnean Society from 1828, fully dedicating himself to botany after 1832, moved to Pontrilas House in Herefordshire 1842, returned to London 1854, presented his herbarium and library to the Royal Botanical Gardens at Kew continuing his basic taxonomic work, president of the Linnean Society 1863-1874. **Abbreviated name**: *Benth.* \[standard form in IPNI: *Benth.*\] #### Herbarium and types [[Collection K|K]], see TL-2/1: 173. − Further material in [[Collection CGE|CGE]], [[Collection DBN|DBN]], [[Collection FI|FI]], [[Collection G|G]], [[Collection GL|GL]], [[Collection GOET|GOET]], [[Collection L|L]], [[Collection M|M]], [[Collection NY|NY]], [[Collection OXF|OXF]], [[Collection P|P]], [[Collection PH|PH]], [[Collection W|W]]. #### Bibliography and biography AG 3: 828; Backer p. 62; Barnhart 1: 165 (b. 22 Sep 1800, d. 10 Sep 1884); BB p. 30; BFM 2263; BL 1: 49, 63, 244, 2: 214; BM 1: 136-137, 6: 79; Bossert p. 34; Bret. p. 401; Clokie p. 130; CSP 1: 280-282, 6: 583, 7: 140, 9: 192, 12: 70, 13: 451; Desmond p. 58-59 (many refs.); DNB 4: 263-267. 1885; DSB 1: 614-615 (by George Taylor); DTS 6(4): 24; Hegi 5(2): 1329; Hortus 3: 1188; IF p. 681; IH 2: 68; Jackson see index; Kew 1: 216-218; Langman p. 128-129; Lasègue p. 562 (index); Lenley p. 447; Morren ed. 2, p. 24, ed. 10, p. 72; MW p. 41; MW suppl. p. 23; NAF 28 B(2): 319. 1945, ser. 2. 2: 151. 1955, ser. 2. 4: 41. 1965, ser. 2. 5: 233. 1965, ser. 2. 7: 37. 1972; NI 134-136; Plesch p. 138; PR 614-627, 2693; Rehder 5(index): 69-70; Stevenson p. 1235; TL-1: 26-28; TL-2/1: 173-181 and see indexes; Zander, ed. 10, p. 634, ed. 11, p. 720. #### Biofile - Allan, M, The Hookers of Kew 254 (index, numerous entries). 1967. - Allen, D.E., Naturalist in Britain 95, 109, 139, 250. 1976; The botanists 34, 77, 88, 109, 125. 1986. - Anon., Bot. Zeit. 4: 520. 1846 (visits e.g. Hamburg, Copenhagen, Stockholm, St. Petersburg); Rev. hortic. Belge étrang. 10: 237. 1884 (obit. not.); The manuscript papers of British scientists 1600-1940, London 1982, p. 9 (for contents see our prargraph "Manuscripts"). - Barnhart, J.H., Mem. Torrey bot. Club 16: 290. 1921; Bartonia 16: 21. 1935 (corr. with Schweinitz). - Blake, S.T., Proc. Roy. Soc. Queensland 66(1): 8-10. 1955. - Bower, F.O., Sixty years of botany in Britain 1930 (portr.). - Bridson, G.D.R. et al., Nat. hist. mss. res. Brit. Isl. 384 \[index\]. 1980 (lists 12 British institutions holding B. mss. mat.). - Britten, J., J. Bot. 44: 397-401. 1906. - Burkill, I.H., Chapt. hist. bot. India 1965, see index. - Candolle, A.P. de, Mém. souvenirs 211, 471. 1862. - Carr, J.J. and S.G.M., eds., People and plants in Australia 405 (index). 1981. - Cox, P., Plant-hunting in China 72, 73. 1986. - Dolezal, H., Friedrich Welwitsch 233 \[index\]. 1974. - Duchartre, P.É.S., Bull. Soc. bot. France 31: 343-344. 1884 (obit. not.). - Ewan, J., Torreya 36(2): 25-28. 1936 (on B's specific names based on habit of the plant). - Fletcher, H.R., Story R. Hort. Soc. 529 \[index\]. 1969. - Frodin, D.G., Guide standard floras world 578 (index). 1984. - Gaussen, H., Mém. Acad. Sci. Belles-Lettres Toulouse ser. 13. 5: 99-115. 1943 (on B. as a "botaniste aux Pyrénées"). - Gilbert, L., The Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney 49, 89, 99, 108. 1988. - Gray, Asa, Amer, J. Sci. 29: 103-113. Feb 1884 (detailed obit.); Sci. Pap. 2: 451-464. 1889. - Gray, J.L., Letters A. Gray 829 (index, many entries). 1893. - Hall, N., Botanists of the Eucalypts 16-17. 1978. - Harvey Gibson, R.J., Outlines hist. bot. 52, 76, 163-165, 257. 1919. - Healey, B.J., The plant hunters 120. 1975. - Helm, J., Kulturpflanze 14: 441-445. 1967. - Hooker, J.D., Nature 30: 539-543. 1884; Arch. Sci. phys. nat. 1884(10); Ann. Bot. 12: ix-xxx. 1898. - Huxley, L., Life letters J.D. Hooker 522 (index, numerous entries). 1918. - Jackson, B.D., Proc. Linn. Soc. London 1884-1885: 90-104 (bibl.); J. Bot. 22: 353-356. 1884; George Bentham, London 1906, viii, 292 p. (detailed biogr.; for a critical review see J. Britten, J. Bot. 44: 397-401. 1906: "it is not his \[Jackson's\] fault that his subject was not more interesting"). - James, The trees of Bicton 106. Oxford 1969. - Jessen, K.F.W., Bot. Gegenw. Vorz. 431. 1864. - Kanitz, A., Magyar noven. Lapok 8: 97-108. 1884 (bibl.). - Kent, D.H., Brit. herb. 43. 1983. - Kent, D.H. and D.E. Allen, Brit. Irish herb. 93. 1984. - Lack, H.W. and O. v. Sydow, Willdenowia 13: 413. 1983 (letters to Hohenacker and Reichenbach at UPS-UB). - Mabberley, D.J., Jupiter botanicus 472 (index). 1985. - Maiden, J., J. Proc. R. Soc. N.S.W. 42: 64-85. 1908; J. West Austral. Nat. Hist. Soc. 6: 28-29. 1909. - Milner, J.D., Cat. portr. Kew 9. 1906. - Moyal, A., A bright & savage land 151-153, 159. 1986 (B. and Australia). - Mozley, M., Guide mss. rec. Austral. Sci. 16. 1966 (116 letters to F.J.H. v. Mueller). - Oliver, D., Makers of Brit. bot. 140, 144, 310, 313. 1913. - Rehbock, P.F., The philosophical naturalists 75. 1983. - Rodgers, A.D., John Torrey 336 (index). 1942; Amer. bot. 1873-1892. 324 (index). 1944. - Schultes, R.E., Regn. veg. 71: 272-273. 1970. - Smit, P. and R.J.Ch.V. ter Laage, eds., Essays in biohistory 415 (index). 1970 (Regn. Veg. 71). - Stafleu, F.A., The great Prodromus 19-20. 1968; Miquel – Schlechtendal corr. 338 (index). 1970. (Regn. Veg. 71). - Stearn, W.T., Nat. Hist. Mus. S. Kensington 287-291. 1981. - Thiselton-Dyer, W.T., Proc. Linn. Soc. 1887-88: 71-79, 1888-1889: 32-33 (Eulogium on George Bentham). - Trochain, J.-L., Bull. Soc. Hist. nat. Toulouse 102: 2, 3. 1966. - Urban, I., Ber. deut. bot. Ges. 2: xvi-xxi. 1884; Symb. Ant. 1: 10. 1898; Fl. bras. 1(1): 158-159. 1906. - Walker, M., The Linnean 5(2): 18-20. Mar 1989 (B's account of a horticultural fête at Chiswick in 1828). - Wittrock, V.B., Acta Horti Berg. 3(2): 90, 109. 1903, 3(3): 75, 95, *pl. 55, 145.* 1905 (portr.). - Wulff, E.V., Intr. hist. pl. geogr. 40, 45, 119, 127, 135. 1943. - Wunschmann, E., Bentham und Boissier, Berlin 1887, p. 3-19. 1887 (impt. comtemp. analysis of B's work). #### Manuscripts Correspondence and papers at K; diary 1853, 200 letters to family 1804-1853, misc. papers 1820-1883 at LINN; 250 letters to Asa Gray at HH; letters to F.J.H. v. Mueller 1858-1877 at R. Bot. Gard. and Natl. Herb. Victoria; 9 letters to Torrey at NY; see also G.D.R. Bridson et al. 1980. #### Composite works see TL-2/indexes. ### Publications ##### n.20.870. Review of the **Title** *Review of the* order of *Hydrophylleae*... \[Transactions of the Linnean Society... 1835\]. Qu. **Notes** *Publ*.: 25 Mai 1835 (fide S. Raphael in Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 2: 75. 1970), p. \[267\]-282. *Copy*: G. – Reprinted and to be cited from Trans. Linn. Soc. 17(2): 267-282. 1835. ##### n.20.871. On Arachis and Voandzeia **Title** *On* the structure and affinities of *Arachis and Voandzeia*... \[Transactions Linnean Society\]. Qu. **Notes** *Publ*.: 7-30 Mai 1839 (fide S. Raphael in Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 2: 75. 1970; read 29 Jun 1838), p. \[155\]-162. *Copy*: G. – Reprinted and to be cited from Trans. Linn. Soc. 18(2): 155-162. 1839. ##### n.20.872. Observations on some genera **Title** *Observations on some genera* of plants connected with the flora *of Guiana*... \[Trans. Linn. Soc., London 1839\]. Qu. **Notes** *Publ*.: 7-30 Mai 1839 (fide S. Raphael in Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 2: 75. 1970; read 29 Jun 1838), p. 225-238, *pl. 18-20* (uncol. liths. by Miss Drake). *Copy*: U. – Reprinted and to be cited from Trans. Linn. Soc. 18(2): 225-238, *pl. 18-20.* 1839. ##### n.20.873. Account of two new genera allied to Olacineae **Title** *Account of two new genera allied to Olacineae*... \[Transactions Linnean Society... 1841\]. Qu. **Notes** *Publ*.: 29 Jul-11 Aug 1841 (fide S. Raphael in Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 2: 75. 1970; read 15 Dec 1840), p. 671-685, *pl. 41-42* (uncol. liths. Miss Drake). *Copy*: B. – Reprinted and to be cited from Trans. Linn. Soc. 18(4): 671-685, *pl. 41-42.* 1841. ##### n.20.874. On the genus Henriquezia **Title** *On the genus Henriquezia* of Spruce... \[Trans. Linn. Soc.... 1859\]. Qu. **Notes** *Publ*.: 12 Nov 1859 (fide S. Raphael in Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 2: 75; read 3 Feb 1859), p. 295-298, *pl. 52-54.* *Copy*: G. – Reprinted and to be cited from Trans. Linn. Soc. 22(4): 295-298, *pl. 52-54.* 1859. ##### n.20.875. Synopsis of Dalbergieae **Title** *Synopsis of Dalbergieae*, a tribe of Leguminosae... Supplement to the Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London \[London 1859\] 1860. **Abbreviated title**: *Syn. Dalbergieae*. **Notes** *Publ*.: 7 Mar 1860 (read 2 Jun 1859), p. \[1\]-134. *Copy*: U. – Issued as J. Proc. Linn. Soc. London vol. 4, supplement. ##### n.20.876. On Fissicalyx and Prioria **Title** *On Fissicalyx and Prioria*, two recently published genera of Leguminosae... \[Trans. Linn. Soc.... 1861\]. Qu. **Notes** *Publ*.: 14 Dec 1861 (fide S. Raphael in Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 2: 76; read 26 Jun 1861), p. 389-391, *pl. 39* (uncol. W.H. Fitch). *Copy*: G. – Reprinted and to be cited from Trans. Linn. Soc. 23(2): 389-391, *pl. 39.* 1861. ##### n.20.877. Outlines of elementary botany **Title** *Outlines of elementary botany* as introductory to local floras... London (Lovell Reeve...) 1861. Oct. **Abbreviated title**: *Outlines elem. bot.* **Notes** *Publ*.: 1861, p. \[1\]-45. *Copy*: NY. ##### n.20.878. On African Anonaceae **Title** *On African Anonaceae*... \[Trans. Linn. Soc.... 1862\]. Qu. **Notes** *Publ*.: 13 Nov 1862 (fide S. Raphael in Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 2: 76; read 17 Apr 1862), p. 463-480, *pl. 49-53* (uncol. W.H. Fitch). *Copies*: G, MO. − Reprinted and to be cited from Trans. Linn. Soc. 23(3): 463-480, *pl. 49-53.* 1862. ##### n.20.879. Descriptions of some new genera and species of tropical Leguminosae **Title** *Descriptions of some new genera and species of tropical Leguminosae*... From the Transactions of the Linnean Society... \[1865\]. Qu. **Notes** *Publ*.: 30 Nov 1865 (fide S. Raphael in Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 2: 76; read 4 Mai 1865), p. \[297\]-320, *pl. 33-43* (uncol., W.H. Fitch). *Copy*: G. − Reprinted and to be cited from Trans. Linn. Soc. 25(2): 297-320, *pl. 33-43.* 1865. ##### n.20.880. Revision of the genus Cassia **Title** *Revision of the genus Cassia*... Extracted from the Transactions of the Linnean Society of London... \[1871\]. Qu. **Notes** *Publ*.: 11 Nov 1871 (fide S. Raphael in Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 2: 76; read 4 Mar 1869, note on p. 503 dated Apr 1871), p. \[503\]-591, *pl. 60-63* (uncol., W.H. Fitch). *Copies*: G, U. − Reprinted and to be cited from Trans. Linn. Soc. 27(4): 503-591. 1871. ##### n.20.881. Revision of the suborder Mimoseae **Title** *Revision of the suborder Mimoseae*... Extracted from the 'Transactions of the Linnean Society of London"... \[1874\]. Qu. **Notes** *Publ*.: 10 Apr 1875 (fide S. Raphael in Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 2: 76; read 18 Jun 1874), p. \[335\]-664, *pl. 66-70* (uncol.). *Copy*: L. − Reprinted and to be cited from Trans. Linn. Soc. 30(3): 335-664. 1875. ##### n.20.882. Notes on **Title** *Notes on* the gamopetalous orders belonging to the *Campanulaceous and Oleaceous groups*... Extract from the Linnean Society's Journal – Botany... \[1875\]. Oct. **Notes** *Publ*.: 11 Oct 1875 (in journal), p. \[1\]-16. *Copies*: B, G. − Reprinted and to be cited from J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 15(81): 1-16. 1875. ##### n.20.883. monocotyledonous orders **Title** The distribution of the *monocotyledonous orders* into primary groups, more especially in reference to the Australian flora, with notes on some points of terminology... Extracted from the Linnean's Society's Journal – Botany.... \[1877\]. Qu. **Notes** *Publ*.: 28 Feb 1877 (in journal), p. \[i, t.p., recto of \[490\]\], \[490\]-520, *pl. 7-9* (uncol. W.H. Fitch). *Copies*: B, G. − Reprinted and to be cited from J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 15(88): 490-520. 1877. ##### n.20.884. Notes on Euphorbiaceae **Title** *Notes on Euphorbiaceae*... Extracted from the Linnean Society's Journal – Botany, ... \[1878\]. Oct. **Notes** *Publ*.: 31 Dec 1878 (in journal, read 7 Nov 1878, issue 100, publ. 31 Dec 1878), p. \[185\]-267. *Copy*: G. − Reprinted and to be cited from J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 17(100): 185-267. 1878. ##### n.20.885. Notes on Gramineae **Title** *Notes on Gramineae*... Extracted from the Linnean Society's Journal – Botany,... \[1881\]. Oct. **Notes** *Publ*.: 24 Dec 1881 (in journal), p. \[13\]-134. *Copy*: L. − Reprinted and to be cited from J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 19(114): 13-134. 1881.